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Physical Science

Test Ch. 5

TermDefinition
reactants substances that undergo change in the reaction (left side of reaction)
products new substances formed as a result of some change (right side of reaction)
chemical equation representations of a chemical reaction in which the reactants and products are expressed as formulas ex: C + O2 ----> CO2
coefficient number that appears before the formula
subscripts number that shows how many atoms are represented
mole an amount of a substance that contains approximately 6.02 x 1023
molar mass the mass of one mole of a substance (same as atomic mass expressed in grams)
synthesis reaction in which two or more substances react to form a single substance
decomposition reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances
single replacement reaction in which one element takes the place of another element in a compound
double replacement reaction in which two different compounds exchange positive ions to form two new compounds
combustion reaction in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, often producing heat and light
oxidation-reduction reaction reaction in which electrons are transferred from one reactant to another
chemical energy energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance
exothermic reaction a chemical reaction that releases energy to its surroundings
endothermic reaction a chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings
synthesis A + B-------> AB
decomposition AB ------> A + B
single replacement A + BC ---------> B + AC
double replacement AB + CD ---------> AD + CB
combustion CH4 + 2O2 ------> CO2 + 2H2O
oxidation-reduction reaction Na + Cl ---------> Na+ + Cl-
double replacement 2NaBr + 1Ca (OH)2 ------> 1CaBr2 + 2NaOH
synthesis 2 NH3 + 1H2SO4 -------> (NH4)SO4
decomposition 2 KCl ------> 2K + Cl2
single replacement 3 Pb + 2 H3PO4 ----> 3 H2 + 3 Pb3 (PO4)
Created by: aemiller
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