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RT 230 Ch 11
Pathology for RTs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acromegaly (additive) | a disease marked by progressive enlargement of the head, hands, and feet caused by abnormal secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland |
| Adrenal glands | are pyramid shaped glands located on the upper poles of the kidney |
| Glucagon | secretion of the alpha cells of the pancreas to breakdown glycogen and increase sugar in the bloodstream |
| Gonads | sex glands in which gametes are produced |
| Hormones | are chemicals that carry messages from glands to cells within tissues or organs in the body |
| Hyperthyroidism | excessive secretion of hormones by the thyroid glands that increases metabolism |
| Hypopituitarism | decreased secretion of pituitary hormones |
| Hypothalamus | area of the brain that produces hormones that control: body temp, hunger, moods, release of hormones from other glands, sex drive, sleep, and thirst |
| Hypothyroidism | diminished secretion of hormones by the thyroid glands that decrease metabolism |
| Insulin | a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas to help maintain proper blood sugar levels |
| Osteoporosis (subtractive) | metabolic bone disorder resulting in demineralization of bone, most commonly seen in women past menopause |
| Paget's disease (osteitis deformans) (both) | a metabolic disorder of unknown cause, most common in the elderly, characterized by an early osteolytic stage and a late osteoblastic stage |
| Pancreas | is located in the midabdomen just posterior to the stomach and functions both as an endocrine and an exocrine organ |
| Pituitary gland | is located within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone and is considered the "master" endocrine gland |
| Rickets | osteomalacia that occurs before growth plate closure, caused by deficiency of vitamin D, especially in infants and children |
| Thymus gland | gland in the upper chest cavity that processes lympocytes |
| Thyroid gland | is located in the anterior neck just below the larynx, divided into two lobes connected by an isthmus, and secretes 2 hormones; thyroid hormone and calcitonin |
| Type 1 diabetes mellitus | genetic disorder common in children, producing little to no insulin |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | insulin-resistant diabetes with an inadequate secretion of insulin, more common in adults |
| Islets of Langerhans | specialized cell in the Pancreas that produces hormones that balance insulin and glucagon |
| Adrenal cortex | Where does corticosteriod production occur? |
Created by:
Chrslarsen
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