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kinggenetics
genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring | heredity |
| A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes | trait |
| the scientific study of heredity | genetics |
| the process in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new organism | fertilization |
| The offspring of many generations that have the same traits | purebred |
| The set of information that controls a trait; a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait | gene |
| The different forms of a gene | alleles |
| An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present | dominant allele |
| An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present | recessive allele |
| An organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait | hybrid |
| A number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur. | probability |
| A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross | Punnett square |
| An organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits. | phenotype |
| An organism’s genetic makeup, or allele combinations | genotype |
| Having two identical alleles for a trait | homozygous |
| Having two different alleles for a trait. | heterozygous |
| A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive | codominance |
| a dominant allele is represented by a _________________ letter | capital |
| a recessive allele is represented by a _________________ letter | lowercase |
| How might a geneticist write the alleles to show that a tall pea plant has one allele for tall stems and one allele for short stems? | Tt |
| a purebred short pea plant has | two alleles for short stems |
| a purebred tall pea plant has | two alleles for tall stems |
| a hybrid tall pea plant has | one allele for tall stems and one allele for short stems |
| True or false: Only pea plants that have two recessive alleles for short stems will be short | true |
| True or false: During Mendel's time, other scientists thought he should be called the Father of Genetics | False |
| True or false: alleles are different forms of a gene | true |
| True or false: a trait controlled by a dominant allele always shows up in the organism when the allele is present | true |
| two forms of the trait of seed shape in pea plants are | round and wrinkled |
| In a flower, the female sex cells, or eggs, are produced by the | pistil |
| Pollen, which contains the male sex cells, is produced by the | stamens |
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