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Arterial Blood Gas
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does ABG's determine? | They are used to determine the oxygen level and managment of mechanical ventilation. |
| What is the normal pH range? | 7.35-7.45mm Hg. |
| What is the normal range for PaCO2 | 35-45mm Hg. |
| What is the normal range for PaO2 | 80-100mm Hg. |
| What is the normal range for HCO3 | 22-26mEq/L |
| What does the pH measure? | The pH measures the state of blood:acid or base. |
| What does the PaCO2 measure? | The PaCO2 measures the partial pressure of carbon dioxide. |
| What does the PaO2 measure? | The PaO2 measures the partial pressure of oxygen. |
| What does the HCO3 measure? | The HCO3 measures the concentration of bicarbonate (metabolic issues). |
| What three ways do we classify the primary problem of ABG's as? | normal, acidosis, or alkalosis. |
| What two types do we classify as the primary cause of ABG's as? | respiratory or metabolic. |
| Which of the parameters is the respiratory component? | PCO2 |
| Which of the parameters is the metabolic component? | HCO3 |
| What happens to the pH when there is a increase in H+? | The pH will decrease and become acidotic(<7.35). |
| What happens to the pH when there is a decrease in H+? | The pH will increase and become alkalotic(>7.45). |
| Under what range of the pH will a patient have to be intubated? | Anything less than 7.2 |
| If the ph and PcO2 are going in opposite directions what does this indicate? | A respiratory problem |
| If the ph and HCO3 are going in the same direction what does this indicate? | A metabolic problem |
| What type of compensation is indicated when the pH, PCO2, and HCO3 are all out of range? | partially compensated |
| What type of compensation is indicated when either the pH or PCO2 is out of range? | uncompensated |
| What type of compensation is indicated when the pH is normal and the PCO2/HCO3 are out of range? | fully compensated |
| pH-7.51, PaCO2-40, HCO3-31 | uncompensated metabolic alkalosis |
| pH-7.30, PaCO2-59, HCO3-28 | partially compensated respiratory acidosis |
| pH-7,62, PaCO2-47, HCO3-30 | partially compensated metabolic alkilosis |
| pH-7.48, PaCO2-30, HCO3-23 | uncompensated respiratory alkalosis |
| pH-7.36, PaCO2-30, HCO3-15, PaO2-80 | fully compensated metabolic acidosis |
| What does the SaO2 meausure? | The percentage of oxygen saturation of arterial blood. |
| Wat is the normal range for SaO2? | 93-100 |
| What is the normal range for base excess? | -2.0 to 2.0 |
| What is the normal range for CaO2? | 16-22 mlO2/dl |
| What two things are used to determine the accurate percentage of the MetHb and the COHb? | ABG and co-oximeter |
| What values are considered for a patient to be acidotic? | pH<7.5 PaCO2>45 HCO3<22 |
| What values are considered for a patient to be alkolotic? | pH>7.45 PaCO2<35 HCO3>26 |
| What is the most important value to examine when looking at ABG's? | oxygen |
| How is ventilation measured? | PaCO2 levels |
| How is oxygenation measured? | PaO2 levels |
| step 1 in interpreting ABG's? | classify primary problem |
| step 2 in interpreting ABG's? | classify primary cause |
| step 3 in interpreting ABG's? | classify compensation |
Created by:
LLP21
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