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Asthma

QuestionAnswer
mild intermittent sx<2 times/week; nighttime sx<2 times/month; FEV1>80%
mild persistent sx > 2 times/week but < 1 time/day; nighttime sx>2times/month; FEV >80%; treatment with low dose inhaled CS
moderate persistent daily symptoms; nighttime symptoms > 1/week; FEV 60-80%; treat with low dosed or medium dosed inhaled CS
severe persistent daily symptoms and nighttime symptoms; FEV<60; high dosed inhaled CS and long acting beta agonist
omalizumab xolair; anti-IgE treatment for severe; injection every 2 -4 weeks
quick relief asthma medications albuterol, pirbuterol, ipratropium, ipratropium+ albuterol, methylprednisolone, prednisone, prednisolone
peak expiratory flow (PEF) green 80-100%; yellow 50-79%; red <50%
long term control inhaled CS, leukotriene modifiers, mast cell stabilizers, long acting beta agonists, methylxanthines
beclomethasone QVAR
budesonide pulmicort respules
flunisolide aerobid
fluticasone flovent
fluticasone/salmeterol advair diskus
mometasone asmanex
triamcinolone azmacort
montelukast singulair
zafirlukast accolate
zileuton zyflo
cromolyn sodium intal
nedocromil tilade
formaterol foradil
salmeterol severent diskus
inhaled CS ADR cough, dysphonia, oral thrush
long acting beta agonist ADRs tachycardia, tremor, hypokalemia, QT prolongation
methylxanthines ADR tachycardia, N/V, SVT, headaches, seizures, hematemesis, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, insomnia, gastric upset, aggravation of ulcer or reflux, increase hyperactivity in some children
theophylline kinetics levels 5-15; half life: 8 hours; half life in smokers and children <1 year is 4 hours; half life in decompensated HF and cirrhosis is 24 hours
increases theophylline concentration diet, hypoxia, cor pulmonale, decompensated HF, cirrhosis, age <6 months, elderly, cimetidine, macrolides, quinolones, ticlodipine
decreases theophylline concentration age (1-9 years), phenobarbital, phenytoin, CBZ, rifampin, smoking
Created by: cytoskeletor
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