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Module 23
Chapter 7 - Module 23 - Intelligence
Word | Definition |
---|---|
intelligence | the capacity to understand the world, think rationally, and use resources effectively when faced with challanges |
g-factor | the single, general factor for mental ability, assumed to underlie intelligence in some early theories of intelligence |
fluid intelligence | intelligence that reflects information-processing capabilities, reasoning, and memory |
crystallized intelligence | the accumulation of information, skills, and strategies that are learned through experience and can be applied in problem-solving situations |
theory of multiple intelligences | Gardner's intelligence theor that proposes that there are eight distinct spheres of intelligence |
practical intelligence | according to Sternberg, intelligence related to overall success in living |
emotional intelligence | the set of skills that underlie the accurate assessment, evaluation, expressiong, and regulation of emotions |
intelligence tests | tests devised to quantigy a person's level of intelligence |
mental age | the average age of individuals who achieve a particular level of performance on a test |
intelligence quotient (IQ) | a score that takes into account an individual's mental and chronological ages |
achievement test | a test designed to determine a person's level of knowledge in a give subject area |
aptitude test | a test designed to predict a person's ability in a particular area or line of work |
reliability | the property by which tets measure consistently what they are trying to measure |
validity | the property by which tets actually measure what they are suppose to measure |
norms | standards of test performance that permit the comparison of one peron's score on a test with the scores of other individuals who have taken the same test |
mental retardation | a condition characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in conceptual, social, and practical adpative skills |
fetal alcohol syndrome | the most commom cause of mental retardation in newborns, occuring when the mother uses alcohol during pregnancy |
familial retardation | mental retardation in which no apparent biological defect exists but there is a history of retardation in the family |
intellectually gifted | the 2 to 4 percent of the population who have IQ scores greater then 130 |
culture-fair IQ test | a test that does not discriminate against the members of any minority group |
heritability | a measure of the degree to which a characteristic is related to genetic, inherited factors |