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Respiratory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil) | B2 selective SABA. MDI, solution, PO Fewer side effects. May still cause ↑ HR. |
| Levalbuterol (Xopenex) | B2 selective SABA. Inh |
| Salmeterol (Serevent) | Long-acting B2 agonist. For long-term (NOT acute) use, MDI |
| Theophylline (Theo-Dur) | ? Antagonist at bronchiolar adenosine receptors. For maintenance therapy in moderate-severe asthma. SE include nausea, dizziness, headache, ↑ HR, tremor, anxiety. Monitor doses! Given PO ONLY |
| Aminophylline | ? Antagonist at bronchiolar adenosine receptors. May be given IV for severe bronchoconstriction. |
| Tiotropium (Spiriva) | ↓ cGMP mediated bronchonconstriction. Long-acting inhaled drug for COPD. Anticholinergic SE, especially dry mouth. |
| Ipratropium (Atrovent) With Albuterol = Combivent | ↓ cGMP mediated bronchonconstriction. Bronchospasm in COPD is main use. Not absorbed so few anticholinergic effects. Given via inhalation. |
| Methylprednisolone - IV (Solu-Medrol) | ↓ synthesis + release of inflammatory mediators by immune cells. Used for short-term when sympathomimetics alone can't control. IV for status asthmaticus |
| Prednisone | PO. Knock down inflammation. Keep stable. |
| Beclomethasone (Beclovent) Mometasone (Asmanex Twisthaler) Budesonide (Pulmicort) | ↓ synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators by immune cells. Aerosolized, so systemic SE ↓ But ↑ risk of oral candidiasis (thrush). NOT for status asthmaticus . |
| Cromolyn (Gastrocrom) | ↓ release of inflammatory mediators (histamine) from mast cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils. used for prophylaxis of asthma |
| Nedocromil (Tilade) | ↓ release of inflammatory mediators (histamine) from mast cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils. Prophylaxis for mild/moderate asthma. |
| Montelukast (Singulair) | a leukotriene receptor blocker. Approved for asthma prophylaxis in kids as young as 12 mos. |
| Codeine | ↓ sensitivity of cough center to impulses. Dizziness, sedation. |
| Hydrocodone | ↓ sensitivity of cough center to impulses. More addicting |
| Diphenydramine | ↓ sensitivity of cough center to impulses. Drowsiness, sedation. |
| Guaifenesin | Decrease mucus viscosity. Have little benefit, but are sometimes used in combination with cough suppressants. |
| Diphenhydramine (Benedryl) Hydroxyzine (Vistaril) | First-generation Antihistamines |
| Cetirizine (Zyrtec) Loratidine (Claritin) | Second-generation Antihistamines |
| Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) | Inh, bronchoscope, catheter. Also used for acetaminophen poisoning by PO route. |
Created by:
whitneydpugh
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