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The Brain
test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What produces "runner's high" | endorphins |
| Two parts that make up the nervous system | central and peripheral |
| What do nerves do | they conduct information from the bodily organs to the central nervous system and give it back to the organs. |
| What protects the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves | the central nervous system. all protected in the same way |
| What is meant by "all-or-none" principle of neuronal firing | states that when a neuron fires, it does so all full strength. |
| Four basic parts of the neuron | dendrites, cell body, axon, and axon terminals |
| What purpose does the myelin sheath serve | it's a white, fatty substance that protects the axon for some neurons and sends the transmission of impulses. |
| How do neurotransmitters help transmit impulses between neurons | they excite the next neuron or stop it from transmitting and also open chemical locks or excite the receptors. |
| Neurons job | is to relay messages from the sense of organs. eyes, ears, nose, and skin |
| Efferent neurons job | is to send signals from the brain to the glands and muscles |
| Interneurons job | is connecting only to other neurons, not to sensors or muscles |
| Difference between a somatic and autonomic nervous system | somatic controls voluntary between activities and the autonomic controls involunatary activities such as heartbeat or stomach activity |
| Cerebellum | helps control posture and balance |
| Medulla | controls breathing and a variety of reflexes |
| Pons | functions as a bridge to interconnect messages between the spinal core. |
| Reticular activating system | alerts the rest of the brain to incoming signals |
| Thalamus | relay station for all information that travels to and from the cortex. smell, eyes, ears, skin |
| Hypothalamus | controls functions such as hunger and body temperature. hunger, thirst, sexual behavior change, and temperature |
| Cerebral cortex | the ability to learn and store information. read and see |
| Limbic system | regulates emotions and motivations. |
| Frontal lobe | planning, organization, and creative thinking. |
| Temporal lobe | regulates hearing, memory emotion, and speaking. |
| Parietal lobe | concerned with information form senses from the whole body. |
| Occipital lobe | visual signals |
| What causes the "rush" people exerience when doing risky things | the hormone secreted by the endocrine is called adrenaline or epinephrine. |
| How is the endocrine system the same as the nervous system | the endocrine system sends chemical messages while the nervous system sends information to our brain. |
| Why are endocrine glands sometimes called ductless glands | they release hormones directly into the bloodstream. sweat, tear, and salivary |
| Three ways hormones can affect out behavior | growth of bodily structures, metabolic processes, differents to a boy and girl, stressful situations to prepare the body for action, and moods/drives inside the brain |
| How does the pituitary gland act as the master gland | they secretes large number of hormones, many that control the output of hormones by the other glands. |
| What do hypothalamus do | monitors the amount of hormones in the blood and sends messages to correct imbalances |
| How does hypothalamus feel | the messages go to the organs to be involoved in regulating and storing nutrients so things can change outside the body. |
| How do the adrenal glands prepare the person for action | they send epinephrine and nonrephrine into the bloodstream, when this happens your heart beat increase. this helps the person needs to handle a situation |
| How does testosterone affect males | muscles and bones |
| The difference between hormone and neurotransmitter | when a chemical is used as a neurotransmitter it's release beside the cell that is excite or inhibit while the hormone is release into the blood, which diffuses through the body. |
| What is genes | what you could be |
| What is environment | the final product |
| Heredity | is the genetic transmission of chracteristics from parents to their offspring. |
| Nurture | refers to evironmental factors, such as family, culture, education, and experiences. |
| Nature | refers to characteristics that a person inherits. |
| Identical twins | single fertillized egg called (monozygotic) and share the same genes. |
| Fraternal twins | two fertilized eggs called (dizygotic) and their are no more similar than their brothers and sisters. |
Created by:
Mr.Maurice
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