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Basics of Geography

Physical Features

TermDefinition
hill round high land, not as high as mountain, but at least 1,000 feet
pass ravine or pass in mountain range
canyon deep narrow valley with steep sides and a stream running through it, such as the Grand Canyon with the Colorado River running through it
mountain range mountains connected in a group formed at the same geologic time period
plateau flat level top of a mountain or hill, think of a flat plate at the top of high land
cape point of land that juts out into the water, such as Cape Cod
delta triangular deposit of sand and soil at mouth of river, such as the Mississippi Delta
peninsula narrow land mass surrounded by water on three sides, such as Florida
island area of land smaller than a continent surrounded by water on all sides
archipelago chain of islands, such as the chain of islands forming Japan
isthmus narrow strip of land joining two larger areas of land, such as Isthmus of Panama connecting North and South America
basin low depression in Earth's surface containing water, think of the bottom of a bowl
fjord or fiord long narrow inlet with steep sides made by glaciers
tributary stream feeding into larger body of water, think of it as "contributing" to the larger body of water
sound wide channel of water between a mainland and an island, such as Rhode Island Sound between mainland and island of Jamestown
river wide stream of fresh water that runs across land
lake large body of water surrounded by land on all sides
harbor body of water near coast where ships can anchor safely
strait narrow body of water connecting two larger bodies of water, such as Strait of Gibraltar, connecting Mediterranean Sea to Atlantic Ocean
lagoon shallow coastal body of water with rocky, sandy coral barrier protecting it from open sea
canal artificial [man-made] waterway constructed for shipping, such as Panama Canal
bay area of sea enclosed by wide inward curving coastline
gulf large sea inlet enclosed by land
estuary wide lower part of river where tide flows in
Created by: poffmoore
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