Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Antibiotics for Jone
Jones Pharm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gram (+) Cocci | Strep, Enterococcus, Gropu B Strep, Staph Aureus, MRSA, Staph Epi, Pneumococcus |
| How to Treat Strep | Penicillin, Macrolides, Cephalosporin, Cleocin |
| How to treat enterococcus | Amoxacillin, Vancomycin is last line |
| How to treat Staph Aureus | Methicillin, Cephalosporins, Cleocin, Vancomycin, Rifampin, Macrolides |
| How to treat MRSA | Vancomycin |
| How to treat Pneumococcus | Ketek, Respiratory Quinolones, Vancomycin. Pennicillin, Macrolides and Cleocin are losing resistance. NOT CIPRO |
| Gram (+) Rods | Listeria, Coryne, Clostridium Perfringens, C. Diff |
| How to Treat Listeria | Ampicillin |
| How to treat Clostridium Perfringens | Augmentin, Pennicillin plus Clindamycin, give IV |
| How to Treat C. Diff | Flagyl |
| Gram (-) Cocci | Gonococcus, Meningococcal, H. Flu, M. Cat |
| How to treat Gonococcus | Ceftriaxone (IM), Quinilone, 3rd generation cephalosporan (oral) |
| How to Treat Meningococcal | IV Pennicillin G, Ceftriaxone |
| How to treat H. Flu | Ceftriaxone, Macrolides, Augmentin, Bactrim |
| How to treat M. Cat | Ceftriaxone, Macrolides, Augmentin, Bactrim |
| Gram (-) Rods | E. Coli, Proteus, Coliforms (C. Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Serratia, B. Fragilis |
| How to treat E. Coli | Amoxacillin gaining resistance, Celphalosporins, TMP SMX gaining resistance, Quinilones, Gentamycin, Aztreonam |
| How to treat Proteus | Cephalosporin, Quinolone, Gentamycin, TMPSMX, Aztrenum |
| Coliforms (GI Aerobes) | 3rd generation cephalosporins, Gentomycin, Imp... (CIPRO if out patient). |
| B. Fragilis (GI Anerobe) | Flagyl, Clindamycin #2 |
| How to treat Otitis/Sinusitis | Amoxacillin, Z-Pak, Biaxin, TMPSMX, Augmentin, 2/3 cephalosporin |
| Strep Throat | Penn VK, Keflex, Biaxin, Cleocin, Zithromax |
| Peritonsillar Abscess | Amoxacillin, Pennicillin G, 1st gen. cephalosporin, Keflex, Ancef |
| Cellulitis | Keflex, Dicloxacillin, Macrolide, Cleocin, Augmentin |
| UTI | 3 days of TMPSMX or Quinilone. Also Keflex in pregnancy, Macrobid, or amoxacillin if enterococcal |
| Gonorrhea | Ceftriaxone 1 shot, 1 shot of quinolone |
| Non Gonococcal Urethritis | Zithromax (1x), Vibramycin (10 day) |
| Syphilus | Benzopine Penicillin, Parenteral if Neuro-syphilius |
| Bite Wounds | Augmentin |
| Ulcers | Augmentin |
| Diverticulitis | Augmentin, give many if in-patient (acetreomon, augmentin, gentomycin, Flagyl, Cleocin, 3rd gen Ceph |
| Gas Gangrene | Penn G, Clindamycin, Flagyl |
| Bacterial Gastroenteritis | Quinilone, Bactrim, others for specific organisms |
| GABS (flesh eating) | IV Penn G and Clindamycin |
| Abscesses | KEFLEX, Macrolide, Cleocin, Dicloxin, Also drain the abscess |
| Meningitis | Ceftriaxone, Ampicillin |
| Safe in Pregnancy (Category B) | Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Erythromycin Base, stearate, or ethylsuccinate, CLindamycin, Spectinimycin |
| Probably Safe in Pregnancy | Azithromycin, Azztreonam, Gentamicin, Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, Vancomycin |
| Contraindicated in pregnancy | Tetracycline, Fluoroquinolones, Streptomycin, Kanamycin, Erythromycin estolate |
| Tetracycline common uses | Ticks, Acne, Acute uretrhal syndrome, Bronchitis in COPD, Acne, PID, Sexually acquired epididymitis, MRSA, Meningococcal Prophylaxis |
| Tetracycline Toxicity | not in pregnancy, lactations, kids less than 8,. Foods and antacids decrease absorption (not doxy), depression of bone growth, discoloration of teeth, photosensitivity is big, GI, Prerenal azotemia, Esophageal Ulcers, Vestiblar toxicity |
| Metronidazole (Flagyl) uses | Anerobes!! B. Fragilis, Clostridium, Fusobacterium, peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, Entameba, Giardia, Trich Vaginalis, Bacterial Vaginosis, H. Pylori, Tetanus, Crohns Fistula |
| Flagyl Toxicity | Peripheral Neuropathy, Seizures, GI, acute pancreatitis, Metallic Taste, WBC increase, LFT, Antabuse effect, Reversible neutropenia, Raises lithium levels, prolongs PT with warfarin, Oral = IV, avoid in pregnancy, found in breast milk, crosses placenta |
| Penicillin G | Gram + Cocci (strep, strep pneumo decreasing) Gram (-) Anerobes above mouth (N. meningititdis, Pasturella multocida, Clostridium spp, Fusobhacterium spp, actinomyces isralii) Spirochetes (T. Pallidum aka syphilus or Borellia Burgodoferi) |
| Aqueous Penicillin G | Meningitis, endocarditis, clostridial (gas gangrene), Aspiration Pneumonia, lung abscess, strep grp A soft tissue infections |
| Benzathine Penicillin G | Syphilis, Rheumatic fever prophylaxis, Strep Pharyngitis |
| Penicillin Toxicity | Drug Fever, Eosinophilia, Interstitial nephritis, CNS Toxicity, GI |
| Penicillin Allergic Rxns | Rash, angioedema, Anaphylaxis, urticaria, serum sickness, death rare. Cephalosoporin cross Rxn in 7%, Immune hemolytic anemia (rare) |
| Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins (Oxacillin, nafcillin, methicillin, Dixcloxacillin oral) | Staph Aureus (osteomyelitis, septic joint), Streptococci, Meningitis, avoid in neonates. |
| Methicillin Toxicity | Interstitial Nephritis, oral form has GI distress, oral tastes bad |
| Aminopenicillins Penicillins (amoxacillin, ampicillin) Uses | better than Pen for enterococci, Listeria, H. flu. Not for beta lactamase + Staph, Femophilus, Moraxella. Some Ecoli, Proteus, Salmonella/Shigella, H. Flu, M.cat, |
| Amoxacillin uses | Bacterial sinusitis, chronic bronchitis exacerbations, SBE Prophlaxis, H. Pylori, UTIS (rarely) |
| Augmentin uses | S. Aureus, H. Flu, N. Gonorrhea, H. Ducreyi, M. Cat, E. Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, otitis, sinusitis, bites, UTI, diverticulus, Mild Pulm Infection |
| Augmentin Side Effects | GI, rare cholestasis, don't combine lower dose pills, exceted in breast milk, use in pregnancy only if clearly needed |
| Advantages of Cephalosporins | Most commonly prescribed antibiotic, Broad Coverage, Lack of Toxicity |
| Cephalosporin Disadvantages | No activity against Pseudomonas or Enterococci, May predispose to C. difficile diarrhea |
| Oral First Generation Cephalosporin (Keflex) Uses | S. Aureus, S. pneumonia, UTI (E. Coli, Klebsiella, P. mirabilis), Strep Pyogenes, better absorbed with meals |
| 2nd gen Cephalosporins (Ceclor, Ceftin) | more H flu coverage than 1st gen, Food impairs absorption, Expensive, E. Coli, K. pneumonia, h flu, n. gonorrhea, m. cat, Gram + Anerobes, otitis, UTI, Cellultis, Bronchitis, bite wounds, antacids reduce absorption |
| 3rd gen Oral usage | First line for Gonococcus! Serratia, Klebsiella, H. Flu, M. Cat, E. Coli, P. mirabilis, S. Macresens. For resistant UTI, Alternate in Otitis/Sinusitis NOT Pseudomonas or Enterobacter |
| Cephalosporin Toxicity | Rare. Rash, fever, eosinophilia, serum sickness, anaphlaxis, avoid with those allergic to pennicillin, C diff diarrhea |
| Parenteral First Gen Ceph Spectrum of Activity | Gram Positive except Enterococci and MRSA, also E coli, klebsiella, Proteus, Pyelonephritis and Prevent Post-Op Staph Wound (NOT used for abdominal infections), can be used for cellulitis |
| Parental 2nd Gen Ceph Spectrum of Activity | Good for streptococci, better for klebsiella and proteus than 1st gen, Cefoxitin-Mefoxin adds coverage for abdominal/pelvic abscess |
| Parenteral 3rd Gen Ceph Spectrum of Activity | Neiserria, H flu, Gonococcus, Lyme, otitis, Mixed infection of abdomen, pelvis, diabetic foot, septicemia, meningitis, UTI, resp, Skin, Bone, Joint, Soft tissue, intra-abdominal, pneumonia , febrile neutropenic pts, Ceftriaxone NOT for Anerobes |
| Clindamycin (Cleocin) Uses | Anerobes, strep, staph, SBE Prophlax, B. Fragilis, Osteomyelitis, Aspiration Pneumonia, Lung Abscess, Diabetic foot, Bacterial vaginosis, Acne, Toxoplasmosis of CNS, PCP in AIDS, malaria, NOT aerobes |
| Clindamycin Pharmacokinetics | food doesn't affect absorption, penetrates tissue well except CSF, enterohepatic circulation, Metabolized in liver, increased concentration in polys and macrophages |
| Clindamycin Toxicity | C. Diff diarrhea, Fever, Rash, LFT increase minor and reversible |
| Azithromycin (Zithromax) uses | Gram positive aerobes, NOT anerobes, M cat, neisseria, L, pneumphilia, c. jejuni, h. pylori, B. burgorferi, chlamydia, legionella, soft tissue, selective CAP, bronchitis, nongonococcal urethritis, otitis/sinusitis/pharyngitis alternate |
| Zithromax toxicity | rare. GI, headache, dizzy, rash, LFT increase |
| Clarithromycin (Biaxin) | H flu, H. pylori, T. Gondii, U. urealyticum, staph, strep, MAI, Sinusitis, bronchitis, CAP, skin/soft tissue, H. phylori, MAC, otitis, lower rep tract |
| Clarithromycin (biaxin) Toxicity | food increases Abs, not for pregnancy, GI (NOT same as erythromycin), bad taste, HA, Hearing loss, Prolongs QT, expensive, Don't use with terfenidine, astemizole, cisapride, increases thephylline and cabramazepine levels (P450) |
| Older Quinolones (Cipro) Usage | Gram (-) enterobacteria, pseudomonas, H. Flu, Neisseria, M. Cat, Gonococcus, NOT grp A strep, good for E. Coli (Not for CAP or anerobes), Legionella, Chalmydia, mycoplasma, bacterial gasterenteritis, UTI, osteomyelitis, otitis, prostatitis, non-gonococc |
| Quinolones Toxicity | GI, headache, Dizzy, cartilage damage, tendon rupture, Phototoxicity, Prolongs QT |
| Quinolones Pharmacokinetics | Well absorbed widely except CSF, absorption decreased by antacids, multivitamins |
| New Quinolones Uses | pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, complicated abd/pelvic infections, diabetic foot, UTI, prostatitis, cervicitis, gonorrhea, anerobes, great for gram negatives/positives (trovafloxin less toxicity) |
| Rifampin (Ansamycin) | TB, meningitis, H. Flu (carrier state, prophlax), Legionella |
| Rifampin Toxicity | Immunosuprresiion, allergic fever, rash, eosinophilia, flulike, hepatoxicity Big, exudative conjuctivitis, teratogenous, red-orange fluids, P450 rxns, biliary excretion |
| Vancomycin uses | Gram (+) aerobes, staph, srep, enterococci, c. diff, listeria, cornybacterium jeikeium, Diptheria, antibiotic associated colitis |
| Vancomycin Toxicity | Ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, Red man syndrome histamine release, rash, phlebitis, $$ |
| Erythromycin Uses | Gram + Aerobes, strep, staph, Cornyebacteria diptheria, Borellia, GABS, Staph, Pneumococcus, Legionella, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Diptheria, Campylobacter, Cellulitis, Bordatella Not great for anerobes |
| Erythromycin Pharmacokinetics | Food may decrease Absorption, Cosses into placenta/breastmilk, Many drug interactions, P450, Prolongs QT |
| Erythromycin Toxicity | GI, binds motilin receptor, fever, rash, eosinophilia, Cholestatic hepatitis rare, hearing loss, |
| TMPSMZ (Bactrim, Septra) uses | Listeria, Yersinia, Legionella, M. Cat, H. Flu, Y. Enterocolitica, E. Coli, Proteus, (aerobes) Pneumocystis prevention, Nocardia, UTI, pyelonephritis, otitis/sinusitis/bronchitis, travelers diarrhea, CNS, combine with flagyl for abd infection, prostatitis |
| TMP SMZ Pharmacokinetics | Prevents bacterial folic acid synthesis, renal excretion, adjust in renal failure, widely distributed to body incl CSF |
| TMP SMZ | N&V, diarrhea, cramps, HA, fever, cholestatic hepatitis, rash, bone marrow depression, avoid with G6PD deficiency, increases anticoag, dilantin, hypoglycemics, teratogenic, kernicterus |
Created by:
vday83
Popular Pharmacology sets