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Bio II Vocab
Water Properties
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ion | an atom or group of atoms that has acquired an electric charge by gaining of losing one or more electrons |
| Cation | an ion or group of ions that have a positive charge |
| Anion | an ion or group of ions that have a negative charge |
| Electrolyte | a chemical compound that breaks into separate ions when it is dissolved or molten to produce an electrically conductive product |
| Molecule | a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction |
| Freezing point | the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid when cooled |
| Fahrenheit | of or denoting a scale of temperature on which water freezes at 32° and boils at 212° under standard conditions |
| Adhesion | the action or process of adhering to a surface or object |
| Cohesion | the action or act of forming a united whole |
| Surface tension | the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimize surface area |
| Atom | the basic unit of a chemical |
| Evaporation | the process by which a liquid changes into a gas |
| Density | a property of matter representing the mass per unit of volume |
| Fresh water | water that is not salty and has little or no taste, color, or smell |
| Condensation | water vapor becoming a liquid |
| Precipitation | any type of liquid or solid water that falls to Earth’s surface, such as rain, snow, or hail |
| Water vapor | water in the form of a gas |
| Specific heat | the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance 1° Celsius |
| Universal solvent | water, due to its polarity and ability to dissolve many different solutes |
| Intermolecular force | forces that act between stable molecules or between functional groups of macromolecules |
| Boiling point | the point where water turns to vapor |
| Melting point | the temperature at which a given solid will melt |
| Solute | the component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent |
| Polarity | molecule with a net dipole as a result of opposing charges |
| Refraction | bending or turning of light waves when it passes through water |
| Reflection | projecting back an image through light without absorbing it |
| Conductivity | the ability or power to conduct or transmit heat, electricity, or sound |
| Controlled variable | A variable that remains unchanged or held constant to prevent its effects on the outcome and therefore may verify the behavior of and the relationship between independent and dependent variables |
| Dependent variable | a variable whose value depends on that of another |
| Independent variable | a variable whose variation does not depend on that of another |
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