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Chap 2. Neuro Anato
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Neuron | A nerve cell; Building blocks of nervous system |
Dendrite | The bushy, branchy extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body |
Axon | The extension of a neuron; Messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands |
Myelin | A layer of fatty tissue sentimentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; educes greater transmission speed of neural impulses as one node to another |
Action potential | A neural impulse |
Threshold | The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impluse |
Neurotransmitters - Behavior | Chemical messengers that traverse the synaptic gaps between neurons |
Endorphins | "morphine within" - Natural neurons linked to pain control and pleasure |
ACH - Acetylcholine | Enables muscle actions, learning, and memory MEMORY |
Dopamine | Influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion EMOTION |
Serotonin | Mood, hunger, sleep and arousal MOOD |
Norepinephrine | Helps control alertness and arousal AROUSAL |
GABA | A major inhibitory neurotransmitter |
Glutamate | A major excitation neurotransmitter, involved in memory |
Hypothalamus | Hunger and sex |
Amygdala | Motion |
Hippcampus | Memory |
Thalamus | Relay center - controls direction |
Cerebellum | Movement and balance |
Medulla | Heart rate breathing |
Primary motor area | Movement |
Primary somatosesnsory area | Sensation |
Frontal lobe | Inhibit inappropriate impulses |
Parietal lobe | Body sensation |
Temporal lobe | Hearing |
Occipital lobe | Vision |
Brocas Area | Speech, (left hemisphere) |
Wernicks Area | Interpreiting audio, talking |
Corpus Callasum | Axon connecting both hemispheres |
CT scan | Computed tomography |
PET scan | Positron emission tomography |
MRI scan | Magnetic resonance imaging |