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Psychology Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Psychology? | the scientific/systematic study of human behavior at an individual level. |
| What is Sociology? | the study of human behavior at the group level |
| What is Anthropology? | the study of human behavior at a cultural level |
| Who are the 3 main influences of modern psychology? | Sigmund Freud, Ivan Pavolov, & Ebbinhaus |
| Sigmund Freud | father of modern psychiatry, Austrian from Vienna, psycosexual studies, medical psychology |
| Ivan Pavlov | experimental physiology, studies the way the body works, digestion, "pavlovs dogs", physical reactions based on EXPERIENCE |
| Ebbinghaus | philosophy, studies memory, "where does our memory go?", the deep questions of life can be explained experimentally, not just philosophically. |
| What is the 5 step process of modern psychology? | observe, describe, understand, predict, control |
| Observe | We are built to record data, best done in a lab, sometimes in the "field", problem of "reactive measure." |
| Describe | best done with numbers-quantify, psychometrics, |
| Understand | best done by stating a theory, hypothesis, |
| Predict | best done with an experiment, manipulating one variable to detect a difference in another |
| Control | Remember, if you know the y for x, you can control them |
| Rene Descartes | "I think, therefore, I am." |
| Freud Quote | "Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar." |
| What are the chronological periods of the lifespan? | Prenatal,Childhood- infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, Adolescence, Adulthood |
| What are the 3 types of development? | Psychosexual, Cognitive Development, and Psychosocial |
| What are the 4 main concepts of Erikson's theory? | "critical stage", social learning, tabula rasa, and cumulative effect |
| What are Erikson's 8 stages of development? | Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Diffusion, Intamacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Self-obsorption, Integrity vs. Despair. |
| Jean Piaget | The mind changes qualitatively not just quantitatively, 4 stages of cognative development |
| Kohlberg | moral development, poses moral delimas, didn't understand the holocaust, |
| What are the 7 contemporary approaches to psychology? | Biological, Behavioral, Psychodynamic, Humanistic, Cognitive, Evolutionary, Sociocultural, |
| Psychodynamic Approach | emphasizes unconscious thought, the conflict between biological drives and society's demands |
| Humanistic Approach | emphasizes a person's positive qualities, the capacity for positive growth, and the freedom to choose one's destiny |
| Cognitive Approach | emphasizes the mental processes involved in knowing how we direct our attention |
| What are Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development? | Sesorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, formal operational stage |
| What is assimilation? | an individuals incorporation of new information into existing knowledge. |
| What is Accommodation? | an individual's adjustment of his or her schemas to new information |
Created by:
Flidisha
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