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Egan's Ch. 15
Bedside Assessment of the Patient
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| angina | spasmodic cramp like choking feeling |
| barrel chest | abnormal increase in the a/p diameter of the chest caused by hyperinflation of the lungs |
| bradycardia | abnormally decreased heart pain |
| bradypnea | abnormal decrease in breathing rate |
| clubbing | bulbous swelling of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes, often associated with certain chronic lung diseases |
| cough | forceful expiratory effort designed to expel mucus and other foreign material from the upper airway |
| crackles | discontinuous type of adventitious lung sound |
| cyanosis | abnormal bluish discoloration of the skin or mucus membranes |
| diaphoresis | secretion of sweat, especially profuse secretion associated with an elevated body temp, physical exertion, exposure to heat, and mental or emotional stress |
| diastolic pressure | baseline blood pressure in the arteries during ventricular relaxation |
| dyspnea | difficult of labored breathing |
| febrile | to have a fever |
| fever | abnormal elevation of body temp owning to disease |
| hemoptysis | blood in sputum |
| hepatomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the liver; usually a sign of disease |
| hypertension | persistently high blood pressure |
| hypothermia | abnormal and dangerous condition in which the temp of the body is less than 32 C, usually caused by long exposure to cold |
| jugular venous distension | abnormal distension of the jugular veins, most often caused by heart failure |
| kussmaul breathing | hyperpnea associated with diabetic ketoacidosis |
| mucoid | resembling mucus |
| murmers | abnormal heart sound created by turbulent blood flow through a narrowed or incompetent heart valve |
| orthopnea | labored breathing in the reclining position |
| pedal edema | swelling of the ankles usually secondary to heart failure |
| phlegm | mucus from the tracheobronchial tree |
| platypnea | opposite of orthopnea; an abnormal condition characterized by difficult breathing in the standing position, which is relieved in the lying or recumbent position |
| pulse pressure | difference between systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure |
| pulsus paradoxus | abnormal decrease in pulse pressure with each inspiratory effort |
| purulent | consisting of or pertaining to pus |
| retractions | sinking inward of the skin around the chest cage with each inspiratory effort |
| sensorium | general term referring to the relative state of a patients consciousness or alertness |
| sputum | mucus from the respiratory tract that has passed through the mouth |
| stridor | high-pitched, continuous type of adventitious lung sound heard from the upper airway |
| subcutaneous emphysema | accumulation of air in the subcutaneous tissues owing to leakage from the lungs |
| syncope | temporary unconsciousness; fainting |
| systolic pressure | peak blood pressure occurring in the arteries during ventricular contraction |
| tachycardia | abnormally elevated heart rate |
| tachypnea | abnormal elevation in breathing rate |
| tripodding | breathing technique most often used by patients with COPD in which they lean forward and place their elbows on a table or arms of a chair to support breathing with the accessory muscles |
| wheezes | high pitched, continuous type of adventitious lung sound |
| what provides the basis for decisions regarding when to initiate, change, or discontinue therapy? | an accurate clinical assessment |
| who is responsible for decisions regarding therapy? | the physiscian |
| how do RT's participate in the the clinical decision making process? | by gathering and interpreting relevant bedside patient data |
| what is bedside assessment? | the process of interviewing and examining a patient for signs and symptoms of disease as well as the effect of treatment |
| what does bedside assessment provide? | initial evidence the something is wrong and its severity |
| does beside assessment cause risk to the patient? | no |
| what are the two key sources of patient data? | medical history and medical examination |
| what helps identify the need for diagnostic tests? | interview and physical examination |
| why are assessment procedures repeated? | to determine the effectiveness of treatment |
| why is the initial assessment performed and who does this? | to identify the correct diagnosis; the physician |
| the three purposes of a an interview are? | 1: establish rapport. 2: obtain essential diagnostic info. 3: monitor changes in the patients symptoms and response to therapy |
| interviewing is a crucial aspect of patient assessment. T or F | true |
| interviewing is a way of ____ with the patient. | connecting |
| meaningful human contact lessens the patients sense of _____. | isolation |
| what are the factors that effect communication between the RT and the patient? | sensory/emotional, environmental, verbal/non-verbal, cultural/values/beliefs/feelings/habits/preoccupations of both people |
| an interview in which the patient feels secure and free to talk is ____. | ideal |
| how should an interview begin? | with the RT introducing themselves, in the social space, and stating the purpose of the visit |
| what is social space? | 4-12 ft from the patient |
| what is personal space? | 2-4 ft from the patient? |
| where should the interview take place? | personal space |
| how should you be positioned for a patient interview? | in personal space, at eye level with the patient |
Created by:
sarah72388
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