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Vocabulary Ch 3 & 4
Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Culture | The way of life that distinguishes a people for example government language religion customs and beleifs |
| Population Density | The average number of people living in a given area. |
| Birthrate | the number of live births each year per 1,000 people |
| Immigrant | A person who moves into a country |
| Emigrant | A person who leaves the country to live elsewhere |
| Urbanization | The growth of city populations. |
| Rural | Of, or characteristic of, the countryside |
| Culture hearth | A place in which important ideas begin and there after spread to surrounding cultures |
| Cultural Convergence | The contact and interaction of one culture with another |
| Diffusion | The process by which a cultural element is transmitted from one group or individual to another |
| Culture divergence | the restriction of one culture with another |
| sovereignty | A country's freedom and power to decide on policies and actions |
| Unitary system | A system of government in which one central government holds most of the political power |
| Federation | A government structure in which some powers are given to the nation government ans other powers are reserved for more local governments |
| Democracy | A system of government in which the people are invested with the power to choose their leaders and determine government |
| Confederation | A system of government on which individual political units keep their sovereignty but give limited power to a central government |
| Authoritarian | Descriptive of a system of government in which the leaders hold all political power |
| Dictatorship | A system in which absolute power is held by a small group or one person |
| Totalitarianism | A system of government in which a central authority controls all aspects of society |
| Monarchy | A system of authoritarian government headed by a monarch a king queen shah or sultan whose position is usually inherited |
| Traditional Economy | An economic system in which families produce goods and services for their own use with little surplus and exchange of goods also known as a subsistence economy |
| Market economy | An economic system in which decisions about production price and other economic factors are determined by the law of supply and demand |
| Command economy | An economic system that is controlled by a single central government |
| Natural Resource | A material in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs. |
| Renewable Resource | A natural resource that the environment continues to supply or replace as it is used |
| Nonrenewable Resource | A natural resource that cannot be replaced once it is used |
| Fossil fuel | Any one of several nonrenewable mineral resources formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals and used for fuel |
| Nuclear energy | A type of energy produced by fission the splitting of uranium atoms in a nuclear reactor releasing stored energy. |
| Water power | Energy produced from falling water to move machinery or generate electicity |
| Geothermal energy | Energy produced from the earth's intense interior heat |
| Solar energy | Energy produced by the sun |
| Primary economic activity | an economic activity that takes or uses natural resources directly such as fishing |
| Subsistence farming | Farming that provides only enough for the needs of a family or a village |
| Commercial farming | The raising crops and livestock for sale in markets |
| Secondary economic activity | An economic activity in which people use raw materials to produce or manufacture new products of greater value |
| cottage industry | A small scale manufacturing operation using little technology often located in or near people's home |
| commercial industry | A large scale manufacturing operation that employs many people and produces large quantities |
| tertiary economic activity | An economic activity in which people do not directly gather or process raw materials but pursue activities that serve others service industry |
| Quaternary economic activity | An economic activity that focuses on the acquisition processing and sharing of information such as education or research |
| export | An item that is sent out of the country for sale |
| import | An item that is brought into the country for sale |
Created by:
savannahcradduck
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