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Literary Terms -
Through Conflict
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Four Major Literary Forms | Poetry, Drama, Essay, Narrative |
| Genre | Class, Type or Category |
| Novel | Longer story that has a plot, characters, setting and theme. |
| Short Story | Typically shorter than a novel but has all the same elements. |
| Anecdote | Very short personal story - often personally touching |
| Character Sketch | Introduction to a person - uses both direct and indirect characterization |
| Allegory | Story in which characters and events can be interpreted to reveal a hidden (or secret) meaning - they symbolize something outside themselves |
| Biography | True story told about an individual by someone else |
| Autobiography | True story told by an individual about themself |
| Editorial | Opinion piece for a newspaper |
| Forms of Drama (specefically those that Shakespeare wrote) | Tragedy, Comedy, Histry |
| Character | Person or animal that takes part in the action of a literary work |
| Antagonist | Character or Force in conflict with the main character |
| Protagonist | The main character or "hero" |
| Speaker/Narrator | Individual telling the story |
| Point of View | The perspective the story is told from |
| First Person | A point of view in which the narrator uses the pronoun "I" |
| Third Person Limited | Point of View in which the narrator uses pronoun "he" and "she" and only sees the actions of one character |
| Third Person Omniscient | Point of View in which the narrator uses pronoun "he" and "she" and knows all that occurs |
| Denotation | The dictionary definition |
| Connotation | The ideas or feelings associated with a word |
| Plot | Sequence of Events where one event causes another |
| Exposition | Introduction to a stories characters, setting, and basic situation |
| Inciting Incident | The event that introduce the conflict into the story |
| Rising Action | The part of the plot where complications are added to the initial conflict |
| Climax | the highest point of action in a story; often, also the turning point |
| Falling actions | the point at which the problems begin to resolve |
| Resolution | the part of the plot that concludes the falling action and reveals or suggests the outcome of the conflict |
| Conflict | struggle between opposing forces |
| Internal Conflict | conflict within the character himself/herself |
| External Conflict | conflict with an outside force |
| Man vs. Himself | Internal Conflict |
| Man vs. Nature | External Conflict |
| Man vs. Society | External Conflict |
| Man vs. Man | External Conflict |
| Foreshadowing | The author’s use of clues to hint at what might happen later in the story. Foreshadowing builds suspense by making the reader ask questions |
| Flashback | A literary device in which a past event is inserted into the sequence of events. |
| Suspense | Suspense is the growing interest and excitement readers experience - a feeling of anxious uncertainty. |
| Fiction | story that is not real - invented by the mind of the writer/author |
| Non-Fiction | story based on real life facts and events |
| Setting | time and place |
| Theme | the lesson learned or central message in a story |
| Symbolism | one thing represents another (typically a tangible object that represents an intangible object) |
| Style | the distinctive way in which an author uses language. |
| Mood | the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage. |
| Tone | reflection of a writer’s or speaker’s attitude toward a subject of a poem, story, or other literary work - communicated through words and details |
| Imagery | words or phrases that appeal to one or more of the five senses |
| Figurative Language | descriptive effect, often to imply ideas indirectly |
| Hyperbole | extreme exaggeration |
| Metaphor | a comparison or equation of two or more things that have some similarities - does NOT use like or as |
| Similie | figure of speech that compares seemingly unlike things DOES use the words like or as. |
| Oxymoron | figure of speech that is a combination of seemingly contradictory words |
| Personification | Personification is a figure of speech in which an animal, object, force of nature, or idea is given human qualities or characteristics. |
| Understatement | figure of speech in which a writer or speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it is |
| Rhetorical Question | asking a question that you do not intend to be answered |
| Allusion | reference to something or someone - often literary |
| Alliteration | repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words |
| Assonance | repetition of vowel sounds |
| Paradox | seeming contradiction |
| Analogy | relationship of similarity between two or more entities or a partial similarity on which a comparison is based |
| Cliche' | expression, idea, or element of an artistic work which has been overused to the point of losing its original meaning or effect |
| Situational Irony | when the opposite of what you expect to happen happens. |
| Verbal Irony | when you say the opposite of what you mean (related to sarcasm and being facetious) |
| Dramatic Irony | when the audience knows something that the characters on stage do not |
| Pun | a play on words |
| Direct Characterization | when we learn about characters by directly saying it |
| Flat Character | characters that lack depth of personality |
| Round Character | characters that have depth of personality |
| Static Character | characters that do not change throughout the story |
| Dynamic Character | characters that do change throughout the story |
| Stereotype | a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing |
| Caricature | a picture, description, or imitation of a person or thing in which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque effect |
| Indirect Characterization | when we learn about characters through their thoughts and actions |
Created by:
abbieferrell
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