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AB Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| most of the digestion and absorption of food takes place in the | small intestine |
| small bowel obstruction is associated with | dilation of the bowel loops proximal to the site of obstruction |
| acute appendicitis may be seen on ultrasound as | target lesion |
| the _is found in the midline anterior to the pancreatic body and is sometimes confused with the pancreatic duct | pyloric antrum |
| the "keyboard" sign may be seen in the | duodenum and jejunum |
| the appendix is located beneath the surface landmark on the abdominal wall known as | mcburney's point |
| what is an embryologic msitake | duplication cyst |
| the max outer diameter of the normal appendix can measure up to | 6mm |
| a diverticulum is most common in the | colon |
| most common tumor of the GI tract in children under 10 | lymphoma |
| the colon is divided into segments called | haustra |
| the celiac axis, SMA, and _ supply both the small and large intestines | inferior mesenteric artery |
| what division of the duodenum courses to the level of the gallbladder neck | the 1st part |
| entrance of the esophagus into the stomach is through the | cardiac orfice |
| progression of acute appendicitis to frank perforation is more rapid in | preschool children |
| GI leiomyosarcoma most commonly occur in the | ileum |
| pseudokidney sign may be seen in | gastric carcinoma |
| the retropertioneal space is the area between the | posterior portion of the parietal pertioneum and the posterior abdominal wall muscles |
| examples of retroperitoneal structures | kidney, psoas muscle, aorta |
| which retroperitoneal space contains the kidneys, proximal ureter, and adrenal glands | perirenal space |
| the medial portion of the right adrenal gland lies posterior to the | IVC |
| adrenal glands are separated from the kidneys by the | perinephric fat |
| the greatest length of the normal adult adrenal gland is equal to or less than | 6 cm |
| which can be confused with the normal adrenal gland | crus of the diaphragm |
| the left adrenal glands lie lateral to the | crus of the diaphragm |
| adrenal hemorrhages are more common in | neonates |
| where does the left adrenal vein drain | left renal vein |
| where does the right adrenal vein drain | IVC |
| the adrenal glands are _ in relation to the kidneys | anterior, medial, and superior |
| which is more echogenic, cortex or medulla | medulla |
| cortisol and other sterioid hormones are secreated by the | adrenal cortex |
| 90% of the adrenal glad consists of | adrenal cortex |
| a left adrenal mass or enlargement may displace the splenic vein | anteriorly |
| most common adrenal tumor in infancy is | neuroblastoma |
| which syndrome is characterized by atrophy of the cortex with a decrease in adrenal function | addison |
| excessive secretion of cortisol results in which syndrome | cushing |
| excessive secretion of aldosterone occurs in which syndrome | conn |
| which is the most common adrenal tumor in adults | adenoma |
| METS to the adrenal gland is most commonly arise from primary carcinoma of the | lung, breast, and melanoma |
| which adrenal pathology is associated with excessive secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine | pheochomocytoma |
| which adrenal hormone regulates the balance of water and electrolytes | aldosterone |
| which membrane lines the abdominal cavity and is reflected over the contained organs | peritoneum |
| the _ is able to adhere to diseased organs and encapsulated infection preventing further spread of infected fluid to other areas of the abdomen | greater omentum |
| the fasica separating the anterior abdominal muscle groups from the peritoneum | transversalis fascia |
| which group of organs and/or structures is located in the retroperitoneal compartment | pancreas, kidneys and adrenal glands |
| which would most likely cause the floating aorta sign | enlarged paraaortic lymph nodes |
| term used to describe enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes | mantle effect |
| term used to describe enlarged lymph nodes anterior and posterior to the mesenteric vessels | sandwich sign |
| paraortic lymphadenopathy generally displaces kidneys | laterally |
| which muscle lie posterior and posterior medial to the kidneys | quadratus lumborum and psoas |
| area between the bladder and rectum is called the | rectovesical space |
| fluid collections in the right posterior subphrenic space cannot extend between the bare area of the liver and the | diaphragm |
| anterior displacement of the kidney and ureter suggests a mass in the | retroperitoneum |
| which ligament is the left lateral extension of the greater omentum connecting the greater gastric curvature to the splenic hilum and forming a portion of the left lateral border of the lesser sac | gastrosplenic ligament |
| ligament located between the spleen and left kidney, forms the posterior portion of the left lateral border of the lesser sac and separates the lesser sac from the renosplenic recess | splenorenal ligament |
| which lobe of the liver border the lesser sac | caudate lobe |
| what hangs over the intestines like an apron | great omentum |
| what is the double layer of peritoneum that extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach | lesser omentum |
| fluid collects in the most _ areas of the abdomen and pelvi | dependent |
| most common primary retroperitoneal tumor | lymphoma |
| most common primary cancers responsible for peritoneal METS are | ovaries, stomach, colon |
| what structure surrounds the rectus abdominis muscle | rectus sheath |
| an extrahepatic loculated fluid collection that may develop from a spontaneous rupture of the biliary tree is called | biloma |
| term for walled-off collection of extravasated urine | urinoma |
| most common abdominal pathologic process that require immediate surgery | acute appendicitis |
| discrete linear echogenicity defining the deepest layer of the anterior abdominal wall | peritoneal line |
| which hernia location only contains fat | epigastric |
| which structure connects the intraperitoneal orgnas to the posterior abd wall | mesentery |
| a urachal cyst is located _ usually at or inferior to the level of the umbilicus | anterior to peritoneal line |
| narrow band of fascia in the mid sag plane of anterior abd wall | linea alba |
Created by:
dcontice