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PSY 420 - Ch. 2
Research Methods
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An event that an organism will seak out. | Appetiive stimulus |
| An event that an organism will avoid. | Aversive stimulus |
| The normal frequency of a behavior before some intervention. | Baseline |
| A descriptive research approac that involves intensive examination of one or a few individuals. | Case study approach |
| A type of single-subject design in which the effect of the treatment is demonstrated by how closely the behavior matches a criterion that is systematically altered. | Changing-criterion design |
| A type of control group design in which different species constitute one of the independent variables. | Comparative design |
| A predictive relationship between two events such that the occurrence of one event predicts the probable occurence of the other. | Contingency |
| A type of experiement in which subjects are randomly assigned to either an experiment (treatment)group or control group; subjects assigned to the experimental group are exposed to certain manipulation or treatment, the control group are not. | Control group design |
| Behavior that can be subjectively perceived only by the person performing the behavior. Thoughts and feelings are covert behaviors. AKA provate events/behaviors | Covert behavior |
| A device that measures total number of responses over time and proves a graphic depiction of the rate of behavior. | Cumulative recorder |
| The aspect of an experiment that is allowed to freely vary to determine if it is affected by changes in the IV. | Dependent Variable |
| The prolonged absence of an event that tends to increase the appetiviteness of that event. | Deprivation |
| Research that focuses on describing the behavior and the situation within which it occurs. | Descriptive research |
| The length of time that an individual repeatedly or continuously performs a certain behavior. | Duration |
| A procedure that affects the appetitiveness or aversiveness of a stimulus. | Establishing operation |
| The relationship between changes in an IV and changes in a DV; a cause-and-effect relationship. | Functional relationship |
| That aspect of an experiment that is made to systematically vary across the different condtions in an experiment. | Independent variable |
| The force or magnitude of the behavior. | Intensity |
| The measurement of whether or not a bejavior occurs within a series of continuous intervals. (Note that a number of times that the behavior occurs within each interval is irrelevant. | Interval recording |
| The length of time requried for the learning to begin. | Latency |
| A type of single-subject design in which a treatment is instituted at a successive points in time for two or more persons, settings, or behaviors. | Multiple-baseline design |
| A descriptive research approach that involves the systematic observation and recording of behavior in its natural enviornment. | Naturalistic observation |
| Bejavior that has potential for being directly observed by an individual other than the one performing the behavior. | Overt behavior |
| The frequency with which a response occurs in a certain period of time. | Rate of response |
| A partciular instance of behavior. | Response |
| A type of single-subject design that involves repeted alternations between a baseline period and a treatment period. | Reversal design |
| The prolonged exposure to (or consumption of) an event that tends to decrease the appetitiveness of that event. | Satiation |
| A type of single-subject design in which bejavior in a baseline condition is compared to behavior in treatment condition. | Simple-comparison design |
| The extent to which events are situated close toe each other in space. | Spatial contiguity |
| The amount of time required to to perform a complete episode of a behavior from start to finish. | Speed |
| Any even that can potentially influence behaior. | Stimulus |
| The extent to which events occur close together in time. | Temporal contiguity |
| The measurment of whether or not a behavior occurs within a series of sicontinuous intervals. (The number of times that it occurs within each interval is irrelevant) | Time-sample recording |
| A physical form of behavior | Topography |
| A characteristic of a person, place, or thing that can change over time or from one situation to another. | Variable |
Created by:
nga
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