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Med.Term. Ch.2

Body Structure

TermDefinition
anterior toward the front of the body, organ, or structure
anteroposterior pertaining to the front and the back of the body, or passing from the front to the back of the body
inferior pertaining to below, lower, or toward the tail
scan process of using a moving device or sweeping beam of radiation to produce images of an internal organ, area, or tissue in the body
adduction movement towards the midline of the body
adbuction movement away from the midline of the body
superior (cephalic, cranial) above, higher, toward the head
inferior (caudal) below, lower, toward the back
anterior (ventral) front of the body, toward the front
posterior (dorsal) back of the body, toward the back
medial pertaining to the middle, toward the midline
lateral pertaining to the side, toward the side
external outside, exterior to
internal within, interior to
superficial toward or on the surface
deep away from the surface
proximal near the point of attachment
distal farther from the point of attachment
parietal pertaining to the outer wall of a cavity
visceral pertaining to the organs within a cavity
abdomin/o abdomen
caud/o tail
cephal/o head
cervic/o neck, cervix uteri (neck of uterus)
crani/o cranium (skull)
gastr/o stomach
ili/o ilium (lateral, flaring portion of the hip bone)
inguin/o groin
lumb/o loins (lower back)
pelv/i, pelv/o pelvis
spin/o spine
thorac/o chest
umbilic/o umbilicus, navel
anter/o anterior, front
dist/o far, fartherst
dors/o back (of the body)
infer/o lower, below
later/o side, to one side
medi/o middle
poster/o back (of the body), behind, posterior
proxim/o near, nearest
super/o upper, above
ventr/o belly, belly side
cyt/o cell
hist/o tissue
nucle/o nucleus
radi/o radiation, x-ray, radius (lower arm bone on the thumb side)
-ad toward
-al pertaining to
-algia, -dynia pain
-gen, -genesis forming, producing origin
-logist specialist in the study of
-logy study of
-lysis separation, destruction, loosening
-meter instrument to measure
-plasia formation, growth
-toxic poison
bi- two
epi- above, on
infra- below, under
trans- across, through
adhesion band of scar tissue binding anatomical surfaces that are normally separate from each other
inflammation protective response of body tissues to irritation, infection, or allergy
sepsis body's inflammatory response to infection in which there is fever, elevated heart and respiratory rate, and low blood pressure
endoscopy visual examination of the interior of organs and cavities with a specialized lightened instrument called an endoscope
fluoroscopy (radiographic procedure) uses fluorescent screen to produce a visual image from x-rays. produces a continuous imaging of the motion of internal structures and immediate serial images
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (radiographic technique) uses electromagnetic energy to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images of the body
nuclear scan (diagnostic technique) produces image of an organ or area by recording the concentration of a tracer (is put into body by ingestion, inhalation)
radiography producing captured shadow images on a photographic film through action of ionizing radiation passing through the body from an external source
radiopharmaceutical drug that contains a radioactive substance. It travels to an area or a specific organ that will be scanned
tomography (radiographic technique) produces film representing a detailed cross-section of tissue structure at t predetermined depth
computed tomography scan (CT) narrow x-rays beam, targets a specific organ or body area, produces lots of cross-sectional images to deter pathological conditions such as tumors or metastases
positron emission tomography scan (PET) (nuclear imaging) combines CT with radiopharmaceuticals to produce a cross-sectional image of radioactive dispersements in a body section. These reveal where body is metabolized and where there is a metabolism deficiency. in Alzheimer disease, epilepsy
single-photon emmission computed tomography scan (SPECT) (nuclear imaging) scans organs after radioactive tracer injection. employs a gamma camera that detects emitted radiation to produce 3d images from numerous views. Used for blood flow and functioning in organs
ant anterior
AP anteroposterior
Bx, bx bioposy
CXR chest x-ray, chest radiograph
LAT, lat lateral
PA posteroanterior
Sx symptom
Tx treatment
cellular level molecules combine to form cells (basic structural and functional units of the body)
tissue level groups of cells that work together to perform a specialized function
organ level structures that are composed of two or more different types of tissue with specific functions
system level related organs with a common function
organism level collection of body systems that make up a human (Most complex level)
median place verticle plane that passes through body midline (midsaggital plane)
frontal plane plane that divides body into front and back portions (coronal plane)
horizontal plane plane that separates body into superior and inferior portions (transverse plane)
abdominal quadrants page 28
abdominopelvic regions page 29
body positions for examination page 30 and 31
erect standing position (anatomical position). page 31
trendelenburg positions patient is lying flat on his back and the table is tilted with the head of the table is downward
Created by: 697149295
Popular Pharmacology sets

 

 



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