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SocPsy - Week 1
Social Psychology with Professor Scott Plous
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| social psychology | The scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
| social neuroscience | An interdisciplinary field that explores the neural bases of social and emotional processes and behaviors, and how these processes and behaviors affect our brain and biology. |
| culture | The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next. |
| social representations | A society’s widely held ideas and values, including assumptions and cultural ideologies. Our social representations help us make sense of our world. |
| hindsight bias | The tendency to exaggerate, after learning an outcome, one’s ability to have foreseen how something turned out. Also known as the I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon. |
| theory | An integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events. |
| hypothesis | A testable proposition that describes a relationship that may exist between events. |
| field research | Research done in natural, real-life settings outside the laboratory. |
| correlational research | The study of the naturally occurring relationships among variables. |
| experimental research | Studies that seek clues to cause–effect relationships by manipulating one or more factors (independent variables) while controlling others (holding them constant). |
| random sampling | Survey procedure in which every person in the population being studied has an equal chance of inclusion. |
| framing | The way a question or an issue is posed; framing can influence people’s decisions and expressed opinions. |
| independent variable | The experimental factor that a researcher manipulates. |
| dependent variable | The variable being measured, so called because it may depend on manipulations of the independent variable. |
| random assignment | The process of assigning participants to the conditions of an experiment such that all persons have the same chance of being in a given condition. |
| Distinction between random assignment in experiments and random sampling in surveys | Random assignment helps us infer cause and effect. Random sampling helps us generalize to a population. |
| mundane realism | Degree to which an experiment is superficially similar to everyday situations. |
| experimental realism | Degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants. |
| deception | In research, an effect by which participants are misinformed or misled about the study’s methods and purposes. |
| demand characteristics | Cues in an experiment that tell the participant what behavior is expected. |
| debriefing | In social psychology, the postexperimental explanation of a study to its participants. Debriefing usually discloses any deception and often queries participants regarding their understandings and feelings. |
| informed consent | An ethical principle requiring that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate. |
Created by:
Steve Robbins
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