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Periodic Table

QuestionAnswer
The most useful tool to chemists. The Periodic Table
What does the Periodic Table do? Organizes lots of info about all known elements
What were three bad things about pre-periodic table chemestry? 1. Was a mess 2. No organization of elements 3. Difficult to find information
Who was Dimitri Mendeleev? He was the father of the periodic table.
How did Mendeleev's periodic table work? He put the elements in rows by increase weight and put elements in columns by the way they reacted.
What were some problems with Mendeleev's table? He left blanks for what he said were undiscovered and it broke the pattern of increasing atomic weight to keep similar readings.
How did the periodic table change from Mendeleev's table? Elements are now put in rows by increasing ATOMIC NUMBER!! Horizontal rows 1 to 7 are called periods. Vertical columns 1 to 18 are called groups or families.
How's the periodic table groups useful? Elements in the same group have similar chemical and physical properties (Mendeleev did that on purpose).
Why did Mendeleev put elements in the same group? They had the same number of valence electrons and will form the same kinds of ions.
Hydrogen Belongs to a family of it's own. Is a diatomic to reactive gas. Was involved in explosion of Hindenburg. Is promising as alternative fuel source for automobiles.
Alkali Metals 1st column on periodic table (Group 1) not including hydrogen. Very reactive metals, always combined with something else in nature (like in salt). Soft enough to be cut with a butter knife.
Alkaline Earth Metals Second column on periodic table (Group 2). Reactive metals that are always combined with non metals in nature. Several of these elements are important mineral nutrients (Such as Mg and Ca).
Transition Metals Elements in groups 3-12. Less reactive, harder metals. Includes metals used in jewelary and construction.
Boron family Elements in group 13. Aluminum metal was once rare and expensive, not explosive.
Carbon family Elements in group 14. Contains elements important to life and computers. Carbon is basis for an entire branch or tree.
Nitrogen family Elements in group 15. Nitrogen makes up over 3/4 pf atmosphere. Nitrogen and phosphorus are both important to living things. Most of world's nitrogen is not available to living things. Red stuff on the tip of matches is phosorus.
Oxygen family or chaltcogens Elements in group 16. Oxygen is necessary for erspiration. Many things that stink (rotten eggs, garlic, skunks, etc.)
Halogens Elements in group 17. Very reactive, volatile, diatomic, non metals. Always found combined with other elements in nature. Used as disinfectants and to strengthen teeth.
The Noble Gases Elements in group 18. VERY unreactive; monatomic gases. Used in "neon" signs. Used in blimps to fix Hindensberg's problem. Have fall valence shell.
Created by: BFFsrule2012
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