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English 10 Honors
Note cards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alliteration | repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words |
| Allusion | a reference to a historical or fictional person, place, or event with which the reader should be familiar |
| Analogy | a comparison between two similar things for clarification |
| Protagonist | the main character who is involved in the main character |
| Antagonist | the character or force against the main character |
| Round Character | a fully developed character with many evident character traits |
| Flat Character | a character with limited character traits |
| Dynamic Character | a character who undergoes a change as the plot unfolds |
| Static Character | a character who does not change much as the plot progresses |
| Conflict | the struggle between opposing forces that moves the plot forward |
| Internal Conflict | the conflict occurs within the character |
| External Character | the character is pitted against an outside force |
| Diction | a writer's choice of words |
| Denotation | literal or dictionary definition of the word |
| Connotation | the attitudes or feelings associated with a word |
| Figurative Language | language that creates meaning beyond the literal; such as simile, metaphor, personification, etc. |
| Foil | a character who provides a striking contrast to another character |
| Flashback | a reference to an event that occurred at an earlier time |
| Foreshadowing | the use of hints or clues to suggest events that have not yet occurred. |
| Imagery | words a phrases that appeal to the senses and create vivid experiences for the reader |
| Irony | a discrepancy between appearance and reality |
| Situational Irony | the reader or character expects one thing to happen, but the opposite occurs |
| Dramatic Irony | a character in the story thinks one thing is true, but the audience or reader knows better |
| Verbal Irony | a writer or character says one thing, but means another |
| Mood | the feeling or atmosphere the writer creates for the reader |
| Motif | a recurring word, phrase, idea, image, object, etc. in a work of literature |
| Point of View | the vantage point from which an author tells a story |
| First Person POV | the narrator is a character in the story; if the narrator is not the main character, this is first person limited |
| Third Person Objective | events and characters are described by an impersonal objective narrator outside the action of the story |
| Third Person Omniscient | the all-knowing narrator |
| Third Person Limited | the narrator tells the story from the perspective of only one character |
| Naive Narrator | a narrator who misinterprets the events or situations he or she witnesses or experiences because of some character trait such as innocence or stupidity. The reader then has additional insight into the situation becuase he or she is older or better educate |
| Unreliable Narrator | a narrator whose opinion the reader recognizes as flawed and, therefore, untrustworthy |
| Narrative Construct | imagined speaker created by the writer; the reader must understand that the voice of the narrator is not necessarily the voice of the author. The voice of the narrator is the narrative construct |
| Prose | all forms of written or spoken language that is not poetry |
| Satire | a literary technique that ridicules ideas, customs, behaviors, or institutions to improve society through change |
| Parody | a work that makes fun of another work by imitating some aspect of the writer's style |
| Setting | the time and place |
| Stereotype | stock characters who conform to a fixed pattern or behavior |
| Style | the particular way in which a piece of literature is written |
| Theme | a universal message from the author stated in terms that apply to all human beings |
| Tone | the writer's attitude about the subject |
| Tragedy | a story in which a heroic character either dies or comes to some other unhappy end |
| Tragic Hero | main character in a tragedy who has a tragic flaw that leads to his/her destruction |
| Descriptive writing | writing in which language is used to create a mood or emotion by appealing to the five senses; one of the four major forms of discourse |
| Sensory Details | language that appeals to the five senses |
| Persuasive Writing | The writer tries to convince the audience to adopt an opinion or perform an action or both; this type of writing acknowledges the writer's point of view and an opposing view point; one of the four major forms of discourse.No opposing side - position paper |
| Expository Writing | This type of wrting explains, interprets, and informs; one of the four major forms of discourse |
| Compare and Contrast | shows similarities and differences |
| Cause and Effect | shows how one event causes another to happen |
| Analysis | explains how something works; breaks down the parts, defines |
| Explication | a thorough analysis of literary text, often referred to as a close reading |
| Narrative Writing | tells a story or relates a personal experience, usually in chronological order;one of the four major forms of discourse |
| Rhetorical question | a question that has no definitive answer |
| Characterization | the way in which an author reveals the attributes of a character |
| Direct Characterization | the writer tells the reader about the character |
| Indirect Characterization | the reader uses clues to figure out what the character is like |
| Anachronism | something in a story that would not occur during the time period |
| Symbol | something concrete in the story that stands for an abstract idea or something universal outside of the story |
| Archetype | a universal symbol that shows up repeatedly in works of literature, such as a hero on a journey |
| Genre | a classification for literature, such as fiction, nonfiction, biography etc. |
| Oral Tradition | stories passed down in oral form from one generation to the next |
| Bildungsroman | a coming-of-age story |
| Hyperbole | a figure of speech that uses incredible exaggeration or overstatement of effect |
| Paradox | a statement that appears to be contradictory but actually reveals a kind of truth |
| Dialect | a way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain social group or of the inhabitants of a certain geographical area; also known as local color. |
| Dialogue | the directly quoted words of people speaking to one another |
| Aphorism | brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life |
| Stream of Consciousness | a style of writing that portrays the inner(and often chaotic) workings of the character's mind |
| Concrete Language | language that uses specific words and details to describe a subject |
| Abstract Language | a term used to describe language that deals with generalities and intangible, abstract concepts; examples are words such as "beauty" and "evil" |
| Understatement | a statement that says less than what it meant |
| Simile | a figure of speech that makes an explicit comparison between to unlike things using the words as, like, than, or resembles |
| Metaphor | a figure of speech that makes a direct comparison between two unlike things |
| Personification | a figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, attitudes(anthropomorphism) |
| Assonance | the repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds |
| Consonance | the repetition of the same or similar final consonant sound on accented syllable or in important words |
| Cliche' | a word or phrase, often a figure of speech, that has become lifeless because of overuse |
| Plot | a series of related events in a story, often called a story line |
| Plot - Exposition | the part of the plot in which characters, setting and conflict are introduced |
| Plot - Raising Action | the part of the story in which the conflict developes |
| Plot - Climax | point of greatest tension or emotional intensity in a plot; the turning point in the conflict |
| Plot - Falling Action | the action that takes place after the climax |
| Plot - Resolution /Denouement | the part in the story when the conflicts are resolved and the story ends |
| Anecdote | a brief story told to illustrate a point or serve as an example of something |
| Epistolary | a story told through letters |
| Frame Story | a literary device in which a story is enclosed in another story, a story within a story |
| Idiom | an expression particular to a certain language that means something different from the literal definition of its parts("I lost my head") |
| Metonymy | a figure of speech in which a person, place, or thing is referred to by something closely associated with it(referring to a king as the "crown") |
| Oxymoron | a figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase(deafening silence) |
| Parallelism | the repetition of words or phrases that have a similar grammatical structure |
| Pun | a play on words based on multiple meanings of a singular word or words that sounds alike, but different meanings |
| Synecdoche | a figure of speech in which a part represents the whole(using White House to represent the government) |
| Picaresque Novel | a novel told in a series of episodes and featuring a rogue hero |
| Epic | a long and formal narrative poem written in an elevated style that recounts the adventures of a hero of almost mythic proportions who embodies the values of a particular society(epic hero) |
| Epic Hero | an epic's larger-than-life main character whose mighty deeds reflect the values admired by the society that created the epic |
| Epilogue | concluding section of a work |
| Parable | a relatively short story that teaches a moral, or lesson, about how to lead a good life |
| Fable | a very short story told in prose or poetry that teaches a lesson about how to succeed in life |
| Vignette | brief, vivid scenes that focus on a particular theme, character, topic; a literary sketch. |
| Allegory | a literary work in which characters, setting, and events are symbolic; the symbols work together to suggest a theme or moral; it can be read on two levels; literal and symbolic |
Created by:
vsn0906
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