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World geography 111

chapter 1 vocabulary

TermDefinition
1. Geography The study of the earths surface and the process that shape it, the connections between places, and the complex relationships between people and their environments.
2. GIS A geographic information system, which uses computer technology to collect and analyze data about the earths surface in order to solve geographic problems.
3. absolute location The position on the earth in which a place can be found.
4. hemisphere A half of the earth; the equator divides the northern and southern hemispheres; the Prime meridian divides the eastern and western hemispheres.
5. relative location The position of a place in relation to another place.
6.character of a place The physical and human characteristics that help to distinguish a place from other places.
7.perception A view point that is influenced by ones own culture and experiences.
8.formal region A group of places that have similar attributes, for example, a political region.
9.functional region A group of places connected by movement, for example the region drained by the Amazon river and its tribute.
10.perceptual region A group of places that is defined by peoples feelings and attitudes.
11.core The earths center consisting of very hot metal that is dense and solid in the inner core and molten or liquid in the outer core.
12.mantle A thick layer of mostly solid rock beneath the earths crust that surrounds the earths core.
13.crust The solid rocky surface layer of the earth.
14.lithosphere The surface features of the earth including soil,rocks,and land forms.
15.atmosphere The layer of gases, water vapor, and other substances above the earth.
16.hydrosphere The water contained in oceans, lakes, rivers, and under the ground.
17.biosphere The world of plants, animals, and other living things in earths land and waters.
18. continent Any of the seven large landmasses of the earths surface: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America.
19.relief The difference of elevation or height of the landforms in any particular area.
20.plate tectonics The theory that the earths outer shell is composed of a number of large, unanchored plates, or slabs of rock whose constant movement
21.Continental drift theory The idea that continents slowly shift their positions due to movement of the tectonics plates on which they ride.
22. Ring on fire A ring of volcanic mountains surrounding he Pacific ocean.
23. weathering The chemical or mechanical process by which rock is gradually broken down, eventually becoming soil.
24. mechanical weathering The actual breaking up or physical weakening of rock by forces such as ice and roots.
25.chemical weathering The process by which the actual chemical structure of rock is changed, usually when water and carbon dioxide cause a breakdown of the rock.
26.acid rain Rain whose high concentration of chemicals, usually from industrial pollution, pollutes water, kills plant and animal life, and eats away at the surface of stone and rock; a form of chemical weathering.
27.erosion The movement of weathered materials, including gravel, soil, and sand, usually caused by water, wind, and glaciers.
28. sediment Small particles of soil, sand, and gravel carried and deposited by water.
29. loess Fine grained mineral rich loam, dust, or silt deposited by the wind.
30. Glacier A huge, slow moving mass of snow and ice.
31. moraine A ricked
Created by: Adriansotelo
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