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World Geography
Chapter 1 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Geography | the study of the earths surface and the processes that shape it, the connections between places, and the complex relationships between people and their enviroments |
| 2. GIS | a geographic information system, which uses computer technology to collect and analyze data about the earths surface in order to solve geographic problems |
| 3. Absolute Location | the position on the earth in which a place can be found |
| 4. Hemisphere | a half of the earth; the equador divides the North and South hemispheres; the Prime Meridian divides the Eastern and Western hemispheres |
| 5. Relative Location | the position of a place in relation to another place |
| 6. Character of a Place | the physical and human characteristics that help to distinguish a place from other places |
| 7. Perception | a viewpoint that is influenced by ones own culture and exeriences |
| 8. Formal Region | a group of places that have similar attributes |
| 9. Functional Region | a group of places connected by movment |
| 10. Perceptual Region | a group of places that is defined by peoples feelings and attitudes |
| 11. Core | the earths center, consisting of very hot metal that is dense and solid in the inner core and molten, or liquid, in the outer core |
| 12. Mantle | a thick layer of mostly solid rock beneath the earths crust that surrounds the earths core |
| 13. Crust | the solid, rocky, surface layer of the earth |
| 14. Lithosphere | the surface features of the earth, including soil, rocks, and landforms |
| 15. Atmosphere | the layer of gases, water vapor, and other subtances above the earth |
| 16. Hydrosphere | the water contained in oceans, lakes, rivers, and under the ground |
| 17. Biosphere | the world of plants, animals, and other living things in earths land and waters |
| 18. Continent | any of the 7 large landmasses of the earths surface |
| 19. Relief | the differences of elivation, or height, of landforms in any particular area |
| 20. Plate Techtonics | the theory that the earths outer shell is composed of a number of large, unanchored plates, or slabs of rock, whose constant movement explains earthquakes and volcanic activity |
| 21. Continental Drift Theory | the idea that continents slowly shift their positions due to movement of the tectonic plates on which they ride |
| 22. Ring of Fire | a ring of volcanic mountains surrounding the Pacific Ocean |
| 23. Weathering | the chemical or mechanical process by which rock is gradually broken down, eventually becoming soil |
| 24. Mechanical Weathering | the actual breaking up or physical weakening of rock by forces such as ice and roots |
| 25. Chemical Weathering | the process by whichh the actual chemical structure of rock is changed, usually when water and carbon dioxide cause a breakdown of the rock |
| 26. Acid Rain | rain whose high concentration of chemicals, usually from industrial pollution, pollutes water, kills plant and animal life, and eats away at the surface of stone and rock, a form of chemical weathering |
| 27. Erosion | the movment of weathered materials, including gravel, soil, and sand, usually caused by water, wind and glaciers |
| 28. Sediment | particals of soil and rock carried and deposited by water, wind, or ice |
| 29. Loess | fine-grained, mineral-rich loam, dust, or silt deposited by the wind |
| 30. Glacier | a huge, slow-moving mass of snow and ice |
| 31. Moraine | a ridgelike mass of rock, gravel, sand and clay carried and deposited by a glacier |
Created by:
laurengrawunder
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