Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Logic Reasoning 6
Conditional Reasoning- sufficient and necessary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sufficient condition | an even or circumstance whose occurrence indicates that a necessary condition must also occur |
| necessary condition | an event or circumstance whose occurrence is required in order for a sufficient condition to occur |
| if there is a sufficient condition... | there has to be a necessary condition |
| if there is a necessary condition... | doesn't mean anything |
| logical feature #1 | 1) sufficient doesn't MAKE necessary occur |
| logical feature #2 | either can occur first or can occur at same time |
| logical feature #3 | relationship doesn't have to reflect reality |
| Original to contra-positive, A -> B | not B -> not A |
| Original to contra-positive, C -> not D | D -> not C |
| contra-positive | reversed and negated, so valid |
| if | sufficient indicator |
| when | sufficient indicator |
| whenever | sufficient indicator |
| every | sufficient indicator |
| all | sufficient indicator |
| any | sufficient indicator |
| people who | sufficient indicator |
| in order to | sufficient indicator |
| then | necessary indicator |
| only | necessary indicator |
| only if | necessary indicator |
| must | necessary indicator |
| required | necessary indicator |
| unless | necessary indicator |
| except | necessary indicator |
| until | necessary indicator |
| without | necessary indicator |
| "unless, expect, until, without" | whatever is modified by "unless, expect, until, without" becomes necessary, remaining term is negated and sufficient |
| "Unless they study, they won't get an A+." | sufficient = get A+ necessary = study |
| "no, none" | modifies necessary condition |
| "No robot can think." Actually means... | All robots cannot think. "If robot, then can't think." |
| "only way" | only modifies way |
| "The only way to achieve success is to work hard." | sufficient = achieve success necessary = work hard "To achieve success, the only way is to work hard." |
| "either/or" | at least one of the two, possible both |
| Multiple | contra-positive replaces "and" with "or" and vice versa |
| "To graduate from college you must be both smart and resourceful." | sufficient = graduate necessary = smart AND resourceful contra- sufficient = not smart OR not resourceful contra-necessary = not graduate |
| Double arrow, "if and only if" | each term is both sufficient and necessary for the other |
| Double NOT arrow | two terms cannot occur together |
Created by:
mrshelley
Popular LSAT sets