Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Sectpharm
Pharmacology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| a- | before |
| a.c. | before meals |
| ASA | aspirin AKA acetylsalicylic acid |
| ad lib | as desired |
| APAP | acetaminophen AKA NacetyPaminophenol |
| A.D. | right ear |
| AD | Alzheimer's disease |
| A.S. or AS | left ear |
| A.U. or AU | both ears |
| B.I.D. or b.i.d or bid | twice a day |
| c- | with |
| cap(s) | capsule(s) or caplet(s) |
| comp. | compound (Tylox) |
| CR or C-R | controlled release |
| D (Zyrtec D) | decongestant (antihistamine) |
| D/C | discontinue or discharge |
| DR | drug resistant |
| D.S. or DS | double strength |
| elix. | elixir |
| ER | extended release |
| ES | extra strength |
| FA | folic acid |
| GHB | date rape drug AKA gammahydroxybutyrate |
| h or hr | hour or degree sign O |
| h.s. | hours of sleep (bedtime) |
| h.s. is usually at | 2200 hours (10:00 p.m.) |
| HS | half strength |
| HTN | hypertension (high blood pressure) |
| IB | ibuprofen |
| IND | investigational new drug |
| INJ or inj | injection |
| K | potassium |
| KCl | potassium chloride (lower case l) |
| K or KCl is commonly measured in | milliequivalents (mEq.) |
| LA or L.A. or L-A | long acting |
| liq. | liquid |
| MDR | multidrug resistant or minimum daily requirements |
| MN | midnight |
| MS | morphine sulfate multiple sclerosis magnesium sulfate |
| MSO4 | morphine sulfate |
| MgSO4 | magnesium sulfate |
| ND | non drowsy |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health |
| NKA | no known allergies |
| NKDA | no known drug allergies |
| NPO or n.p.o. | nothing by mouth |
| NR | no refills |
| NS or NSS | normal saline solution AKA 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) |
| O.D. or OD | right eye or overdose |
| O.S. or OS | left eye |
| O.U. or OU | both eyes |
| OTC or otc | over the counter |
| p- | after |
| p.c. or pc | after meals |
| PT or Pt | patient |
| PCN | penicillin |
| PCA | patient controlled analgesia |
| PRN or p.r.n. | as needed (whenever necessary) |
| q- | every |
| Q.D. or q.d. or qd | every day |
| q.h. or qh | every hour |
| q.2.h. or q2h | every two hours |
| Q.I.D. or q.i.d. | four times a day |
| Q.O.D. or q.o.d. | every other day |
| RDA | recommended daily allowance |
| RF | refills |
| Rph | registered pharmacist |
| Rx | prescription |
| s- | without |
| SA | sustained action |
| SPF | sun protection factor |
| SR | slow release or sustained release |
| ss | sliding scale |
| ss- | = 1/2 |
| A sliding scale refers to | insulin dosage based on blood sugar (BS) |
| stat. | now |
| syp. | syrup |
| tab or tabs | tablet(s) |
| TDM | therapeutic drug monitoring |
| T.I.D. or t.i.d. | three times a day |
| TPN | total parenteral nutrition AKA hyperalimentation (hyperal) |
| Total parenteral nutrition (TPN refers to | the administration of all nutrients intravenously |
| UD | unit dose |
| ung. or oint. | ointment |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| WNL | within normal limits |
| w/o | without |
| XL | extended length |
| XR | extended release |
| greater than | opens to the left |
| less than | opens to the right |
| triangle | change |
| The study of drugs and their interactions with living organisms is called | pharmacology |
| Any non food chemical substance that affects the mind or body is called a | drug |
| A drug that is deliberately administered for its medicinal value is called a | medicine |
| The three medical uses for medications are to: | 1. Prevent disease. 2. Diagnose disease. 3. Treat disease. |
| FDA stands for | Food and Drug Administration |
| The Food and Drug Administration regulates | prescription and over the counter (OTC)medications for use in the US. |
| DEA stands for | Drug Enforcement Administration |
| The Drug Enforcement Administration regulates the | manufacturing and dispensing of potentially abused drugs |
| Schedule drugs refers to | drugs that have a potential for abuse |
| Schedule drugs are AKA | controlled drugs |
| The lower the number of the scheduled drug the | greater the abuse potential |
| Schedule 1 drugs are | non prescribed and have no medicinal use |
| Schedule 2 drugs are | higher rate of most abused drugs |
| United States Pharmacopeia or National Formulary (USP/NF) | a list of all prescribed and OTC medications in the US and all information known about each medication |
| A common pharmacopeia is a | Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) |
| The name given to a drug when it is created is called the | generic name |
| A generic name is usually recognized by these three | 1. Being lower cased. 2. Being usually hard to pronounced. 3. Being in parentheses. |
| The nick-name given to a generic drug so consumers will remember it is called these three | 1. Trade name. 2. Brand name. 3. Product name. |
| The trade name is usually recognized by these three | 1. Being capitalized. 2. Being easy to pronounce. 3. Having a registered mark. |
| Trade name medications and their generic equivalent must contain exactly the same amount of | active ingredients |
| Active ingredients are designed to provide the | therapeutic (beneficial) effect |
| Ingredients permitted to vary from generic and trade name drugs are called | inert (inactive) ingredients |
| Inert (inactive) ingredients include these five | 1. Binders 2. Fillers 3. Preservatives 4. Antioxidants 5. Buffers |
| Pharmacists are permitted to substitute a generic drug for a prescribed trade name drug unless the prescribing physician requests | no substitutions or dispense as written (DAW) |
| Poisonous effects of a drug are called | toxic effects |
| The dosage margin between the therapeutic (beneficial) affect and toxic (poisonous) effect is called the | therapeutic index (TI) |
| NTI | narrow therapeutic index |
| A large initial (beginning) dose of a medication to quickly reach the therapeutic index (TI) is called a | loading dose or bolus |
| An inert (inactive) pharmacological agent prescribed to created a psychological and/or physiological effect is called a | placebo AKA sugar pill |
| All new pharmaceutical drugs are protected by a patent lasting | 17 years |
| A drug patent means that | no other company can manufacture or market an identical drug |
| Most medications are detoxified by the | liver |
| Most medications are excreted by the | kidneys |
| Most medications can be detected in a | urine sample |
| A tablet that has an indented line running across the top is called | scored |
| A tablet designed to dissolve in a glass of water before being swallowed is called | effervescent |
| Tablets covered with a special coasting that prevents stomach upset are called | enteric coated |
| An enteric coated ASA (aspirin) is called | Ecotrin |
| The classifications of ASA (aspirin)include these four | 1. Non-narcotic analgesic (pain management) 2. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) 3. Antipyretic (against fever) 4. Anticoagulant (against clotting) |
| Medications that disintegrate slowly into a liquid (liq.) form that releases the drug into the mouth and throat is called these three | lozenge or troche or pastille |
| The term used to describe a liquid (liq.) with a watery consistency is called | aqueous |
| The term used to describe a thick liquid (liq.) is | viscous |
| A small bottle containing injectable medication with a rubber diaphragm at the bottle neck for needle insertion is called a | vial |
| A small slender container with a narrow neck which houses an injectable liquid (liq.) is called an | ampule (Amp.) |
| A liquid (liq.) medication that contains alcohol (ETOH) is called an | elixir (elix.) or tincture |
| A liquid (liq.) medication that contains no alcohol (ETOH) and is a concentrated solution of sugar, water and flavorings is called a | syrup |
| Fat globules dispersed throughout a water base is called an | emulsion |
| Drug particles dispersed throughout a thickened water base is called a | gel |
| Undissolved particles of medication to be mixed with a liquid (water) just before use is called a | suspension (susp.) |
| Since the particles will settle, a suspension (susp.) must be | shaken well before use |
| The route of administration is the | path by which a medication is taken into the body |
| The method by which the medication is dispensed is called | administration |
| Dispense means to | prepare and distribute |
| Movement of a drug from the site of administration into the bloodstream is called | absorption |
| Routes of administration include: 1. A medication applied to the skin or the eyes or the ears is caled | topical (top) |
| Topical medications include these three | lotions ointments (ung. or oint.) and creams |
| 2. Medication patch administration through the skin to the bloodstream is called | transdermal |
| 3. A medication administered by mouth (orally) is abbreviated | PO or po or p.o. |
| 4. A medication administrated SL stands for | sublingual (under the tounge) |
| 5. A medication administrated IN stands for | intranasal |
| 6. A medication administrated through a NG {ng} refers to a | nasogastric tube |
| 7. A medication administrated through a G tube or J tube refers to a | gastrostomy tube jejunostomy tube |
| 8. A medication administrated PR stands for | per rectum |
| Medications administered rectally R usually refer to | suppositories (supp.) and enemas |
| 9. A medication administered vaginally (Vag.) usually refers to these four | suppositories creams foams douches |
| 10. Inhalation (INH) administration refers to | breathing in medications |
| Inhalation (INH) administration includes: a. MDI which stands for | metered dose inhaler |
| b. Nebulizers AKA | vaporizers |
| c. NPPV which stands for | non invasive positive pressure ventiliation |
| Non invasive positive pressure ventilation AKA | IPPB which stands for intermittent positive pressure breathing |
| 11. Endotracheal (ET) administration refers to | within the trachea (windpipe) |
| 12. Parenteral (hypodermic) administration includes: a. Intradermal (ID) administration refers to | within the skin |
| Common intradermal (ID) injections (INJ or inj) include these three | Mantoux PPD tine |
| b. subcutaneous administration is abbreviated | subQ or subcu {subq. SC, SQ} |
| Medications administered subcutaneously (subQ or subcu) include | insulin and heparin |
| c. Intramuscular administration is abbreviated | I.M. or IM |
| d. Intravenous administration is abbreviated | I.V. or IV |
| e. IVP stands for | intravenous push |
| f. IVPB stands for | intravenous piggyback |
| Common intravenous piggyback (IVPB) medications include | antibodies |
| g. Intra-articular (IA) administration refers to an injection (INJ or inj) into a | joint |
| Common intra-articular (IA) medications include | steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (SAIDs) |
| h. Intrathecal (IT) administration refers to an injection (INJ or inj) into the | subarachnoid (SA) space |
| Common intrathecal (IT) injections (INJ or inj) include these two | anesthesia and analgesics (pain management) |
| i. Epidural (ED) administration refers to an injection (INJ or inj) outside the | dura mater |
| Common epidural (ED) injections (INJ or inj) include | anesthesia and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (SAIDs) |
| An epidural (ED) injection (INJ or inj) is AKA a | caudal injection (INJ or inj) or saddle block |
| The drug's main action for which it was prescribed by the physician is called the | therapeutic (beneficial) effect |
| Drug actions that are undesirable but not unexpected are called | side effects |
| Severe side effects are called | adverse effects |
| An unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to a medication is called | anaphylaxis |
| An undesirable interaction of drugs is called | incompatibility |
| A unique reaction to a medication is called an | idiosyncrasy |
| A drug that deactivates another drug is called an | antagonist |
| The combining of medications to produce an exaggerated effect is called | synergism |
| An example of a therapeutic (beneficial) synergistic effect is Tylenol #3 which contains these two | acetaminophen (APAP) and codeine |
| Together APAP and codeine provide an | increased analgesic (pain management) effect |
| An example of an undesirable synergistic effect is the combination of antihistamines and alcohol (ETOH) which can cause | unusual drowsiness |
| The synergistic effect of combining tranquilizers and alcohol (ETOH) can cause | death |
| mL stands for | milliter |
| A milliliter (mL) is equal to a | cubic centimeter {cc} |
| L or l stands for | liter |
| 1 liter (L) = ____ milliliters | 1000 milliliters |
| mg stands for | milligram |
| g stands for | gram |
| 1 gram (g) = ____ milligrams | 1000 milligrams (mg) |
| mcg {ug} stands for | microgram |
| 1 gram (g) = ____ micrograms | 1,000,000 micrograms (mcg) |
| kg {Kg} stands for | kilogram |
| 1 kilogram (kg) = ____ grams | 1000 grams (g) |
| M stands for | meter |
| cm stands for | centimeter |
| 1000 milligrams (mg) = ____ gram (g) | 1 gram |
| 1000 milliliters (mL) = ____ liter (L) | 1 liter |
| 1000 millimeters (mm) = ____ meter (M) | 1 meter |
| 1 gram (g) = ____ milligrams (mg) | 1000 milligrams |
| 1 liter (L) = ____ milliliters (mL) | 1000 milliliters |
| 1 meter (M) = ____ millimeters (mm) | 1000 millimeters |
| i stands for | one |
| ii stands for | two |
| iii stands for | three |
| iv stands for | four |
| v stands for | five |
| x stands for | ten or times |
| oz. stands for | ounce |
| Tsp or tsp. stands for | teaspoon |
| Tbsp. stands for | tablespoon |
| gr. stands for | grain |
| lb or # stands for | pound |
| pound (lb) i = | 16 ounces (oz.) |
| Gal stands for | gallon |
| gallon (Gal) i = | 128 oz. |
| tsp i = ____ milliliters | 5 milliliters |
| Tbsp i = ____ milliliters | 15 milliliters |
| oz i = ____ milliliters | 30 milliliters |
| gt. stands for | a drop |
| gtt. stands for | drops |
| 1 kilogram (kg) = _____ pounds | 2.2 pounds (lb.) |
| grain (gr.) i = ____ milligrams | 60 milligrams (mg) |
| 2.54 centimeters (cm) = ____ inch | 1 inch (in) |
| Physical or psychological dependence on a drug with an increase of dosage for desired effects (tolerance) and withdrawal symptoms when deprived of the drug is | addiction |
| Medications used to treat malignancies are called | antineoplastics AKA chemotherapy ("chemo") |
| Medications used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms are called | antiseptics |
| Inhibiting the growth of bacteria (preservative) is called | bacteriostatic |
| The inside diameter of a needle is called the | bore (gauge) |
| As the number (#) of the gauge increases the size of the needle bore | decreases |
| A small intravenous (IV) needle with plastic wings is called a | butterfly needle |
| Reason(s) why a medication should not be administered is called | contraindication(s) |
| Agents used to kill microorganisms are called | disinfectants |
| Insulin is measured in | units |
| Three other medications measured in units include | 1 heparin 2 vitamins 3 injectable penicillin (PCN) |
| Periodic doses of a drug to maintain a therapeutic (beneficial) level are called | maintenance doses |
| Medications used to construct the pupils (miosis) are called | miotics |
| Medications used to dilate the pupils (mydriasis) are called | mydriatics |
| A blood test to indicate the highest serum level of a drug is called the | peak level |
| A blood test to indicate the lowest serum level of a drug is called the | trough level |
| Medications used to prevent an occurrence are called | prophylactics |
| Prophylactic medications include these three | 1 (BCPs) Birth Control Pills AKA oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) 2 Antibiotics 3 Vaccines |
| Vaccines are AKA | inoculations or immunizations |
| A standardized written plan of treatment | protocol |
| Determining the smallest dosage that will produce a therapeutic (beneficial) effect is called | titration (titrate) |
| Medications used to increase the diameter of the blood vessels are called | vasodilators |
| Vasodilators are used to treat these two | 1 angina pectoris (AP) 2 hypertension (HTN) |
| Medications used to decrease the diameter of the blood vessels are called | vasopressors (vasoconstrictors) |
| Vasopressors are used to treat | extreme hypotension (low blood pressure) |
| Each day has ___ hours | 24 hours |
| In military time, each hour in the day has a | different number |
| 0100 = | 1:00 am |
| 0200 | 2:00 am |
| 0300 | 3:00 am |
| 0400 | 4:00 am |
| 0500 | 5:00 am |
| 0600 | 6:00 am |
| 0700 | 7:00 am |
| 0800 | 8:00 am |
| 0900 | 9:00 am |
| 1000 | 10:00 am |
| 1100 | 11:00 am |
| 1200 | noon |
| 1300 | 1:00 pm |
| 1400 | 2:00 pm |
| 1500 | 3:00 pm |
| 1600 | 4:00 pm |
| 1700 | 5:00 pm |
| 1800 | 6:00 pm |
| 1900 | 7:00 pm |
| 2000 | 8:00 pm |
| 2100 | 9:00 pm |
| 2200 | 10:00 pm |
| 2300 | 11:00 pm |
| 2400 | midnight |
| 0001 | 1 minute after midnight |
| 0059 | 1 minute before 0100 |
| 1330 plus 30 minutes | 1400 hours |
| 2055 plus 5 minutes | 2100 hours |
Created by:
Denjack
Popular Pharmacology sets