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Matter #1
Classification of Matter
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | Anything that takes up space and has mass |
| Atom | The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element |
| Proton | A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| Neutron | A subatomic particle that has no electric charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| Electron | A subatomic particle that has a negative charge and is found in the electron cloud outside the nucleus |
| Nucleus | An atom's central region which is made up of protons and neutrons; the atom's mass is found here |
| Molecule | The smallest unit of a substance that retains all the properties of the substance and is composed of two or more atoms |
| Element | A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means (gold, hydrogen, aluminum); composed of one type of atom |
| Compound | A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
| Mixture | A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined; you can separate the substance by physical means (Example: pizza; salt water) |
| Solvent | In a solution, the substance in which the solute is dissolved (In salt water, the solvent is the water.) |
| Solute | The substance that is dissolved in a solution (In salt water, the solute is the salt.) |
| Solution | homogeneous mixture of two or more substances that are distributed evenly among each other; the appearance is the same throughout the mixture; the mixture appears to be a single substance (soft drink, gasoline, brass) |
| Atomic Number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; the atomic number identifies an atom and its place on the periodic table |
| Atomic Mass | The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
| Isotopes | Atoms that have the same number of protons (or the same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element but have different numbers of neutrons (and thus a different atomic mass) |
| Heterogeneous | Mixtures consisting of dissimilar substances; not homogeneous; the substances can be easily seen and separated (Examples: trail mix) |
| Homogeneous | Mixtures which are uniform in structure or composition throughout; the separate substances cannot be easily seen (Examples: Dr. Pepper; brass) |
| Colloid | A mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out (examples: milk, toothpaste) |
| Pure Substance | A single element or a single compound that has definite chemical and physical properties(pure gold; carbon dioxide; oxygen) |
| Suspension | A mixture containing particles large enough to settle out (Example: Italian salad dressing) |
Created by:
ritajrogers
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