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Basic Electricity

Important terms

TermDefinition
Atom Composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons
Proton Positively charged atomic particle
Electron Negatively charged atomic particle
Valence Shell The outermost ring of electrons
Electricity Movement of electrons between atoms
EMF Electromotive Force
Voltage A push or pull needed to move electrons out of their orbit, electrical pressure
Voltage Drop A loss of electrical pressure across a designed or accidental load
Available Voltage The electrical pressure that reaches a point in a circuit
Volt Unit of measurement for electrical pressure
Resistance Opposition or obstruction to electrical flow
Ohm Unit of measurement for electrical opposition
Current Movement of electrons through a complete circuit, electrical flow
Ampere Unit of measurement for electrical flow
Series Circuit A circuit with only one path for current
Parallel Circuits Multiple paths sharing a common power and ground
DC Direct Current - A current that only flows in one direction
AC Alternating Current - A current that changes direction from positive to negative
Conventional Theory An electrical flow convention that states charges flow from positive to negative
Electron Theory An electrical flow convention that states charges flow from negative to positive
KCL Kirchhoff's Current Law states that all current entering a point must leave that point
KVL Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states that all of the voltage drops in a closed path add to equal the source voltage
Circuit Path for electrical flow
Ohm’s Law The law governing the relationship between volts, ohms, and amps
Watt Electrical unit of power
Load Resistance (lamp, motor, etc.) in a circuit where work is done
Created by: jcoombes
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