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ThinkPsychology CH02

TermDefinition
Questions a researcher asks when conducting a research WHAT research strategies should I use to test my ideas?, HOW can I guarantee that I obtain objective results?, HOW can I use statistics to analyze my results?, and HOW can I ensure that people participating in my study are treated fairly?
Hindsight bias describes a person’s erroneous belief that he or she knew something all along after an event has occurred.
False consensus effect describes the person’s tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share his or her beliefs and behaviors.
Critical Thinking a way of processing information, in which a person examines assumptions, evaluates evidence, looks for hidden agendas, and assesses conclusions.
Dogmatism describes a belief that requires people to accept information as irrefutable and to refrain from questioning authority.
Methods are rules or techniques that provide a framework for our observations.
Variable is a characteristic that can vary, such as age, weight, or height.
Participant is a person who takes part in an experiment as a subject.
Confederate is a person who takes part in an experiment who is seemingly a subject but is really working with the researcher.
Independent variable is a variable that a researcher can manipulate in an experiment.
Dependent variable is a variable that is affected by the independent variable in an experiment.
Measure of central tendency the three most typical scores in a set of data: mean, median, and mode
Mean the arithmetic average of the scores in a data set, or the sum of all the scores divided by the number of scores
Median the middle score in a data set
Mode the most frequently occurring score in a data set
Variability the degree to which the numbers in a set of data differ from one another and the mean
Range the difference between the highest and lowest values in a data set
Standard deviation a measure of the dispersion of a set of values using information from each individual score
Deviation score the difference between an individual data point's actual value and the mean value of the whole data set
Created by: vjambriz
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