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ThinkPsychology CH02
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Questions a researcher asks when conducting a research | WHAT research strategies should I use to test my ideas?, HOW can I guarantee that I obtain objective results?, HOW can I use statistics to analyze my results?, and HOW can I ensure that people participating in my study are treated fairly? |
| Hindsight bias | describes a person’s erroneous belief that he or she knew something all along after an event has occurred. |
| False consensus effect | describes the person’s tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share his or her beliefs and behaviors. |
| Critical Thinking | a way of processing information, in which a person examines assumptions, evaluates evidence, looks for hidden agendas, and assesses conclusions. |
| Dogmatism | describes a belief that requires people to accept information as irrefutable and to refrain from questioning authority. |
| Methods | are rules or techniques that provide a framework for our observations. |
| Variable | is a characteristic that can vary, such as age, weight, or height. |
| Participant | is a person who takes part in an experiment as a subject. |
| Confederate | is a person who takes part in an experiment who is seemingly a subject but is really working with the researcher. |
| Independent variable | is a variable that a researcher can manipulate in an experiment. |
| Dependent variable | is a variable that is affected by the independent variable in an experiment. |
| Measure of central tendency | the three most typical scores in a set of data: mean, median, and mode |
| Mean | the arithmetic average of the scores in a data set, or the sum of all the scores divided by the number of scores |
| Median | the middle score in a data set |
| Mode | the most frequently occurring score in a data set |
| Variability | the degree to which the numbers in a set of data differ from one another and the mean |
| Range | the difference between the highest and lowest values in a data set |
| Standard deviation | a measure of the dispersion of a set of values using information from each individual score |
| Deviation score | the difference between an individual data point's actual value and the mean value of the whole data set |
Created by:
vjambriz
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