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OU Toxicology

Toxicology for USMLE/COMLEX I

ToxinAntidote
acetaminophen N-acetylcholine
salicylates alkalinize urine; dialysis
anticholinesterases, organophosphates atropine, pralidoxime
beta-blockers glucagon
digitalis stop dig, normalize K+, lidocaine, anti-dig Fab fragments, Mg2+
iron deferoxamine
lead gastric lavage + demercaprol or EDTA or succimer; succimer for children
arsenic, mercury, gold dimercaprol (BAL), succimer
copper, arsenic, gold penicillamine
cyanide nitrite, hydroxocobalamin, thiosulfate
methomoglobin methylene blue
carbon monoxide 100% O2, hyperbaric O2
methanol, ethylene glycol fomepizole,ethanol, dialysis
opioids naloxone/naltrexone
benzodiazepines flumazenil
TCAs control seizures & hyperthermia; correct acidosis & arrhythmias
heparin protamine
warfarin vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma
tPA, streptokinase aminocaproic acid
isoniazid pyridoxine
all oral poisons except Fe, Li CN, solvents, mineral acids, K+, corrosives activated charcoal
AChE inhibitors atropine + pralidoxime (for irreversible AChE inhibitors)
atropine, muscarinic blockers physostigmine (crosses BBB)
CNS stimulants control CV Sxs, hyperthermia & seizures; +/- BZs or antipsychotics
sedative-hypnotics & ethanol vent support; flumazenil if BZs implicated
SSRIs control hyperthermia & seizures; possibly cyproheptadine, antipsychotics, & BZs
Created by: PittDave
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