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Pysch Chp 8

TermDefinition
Attitude An evaluation a person makes about an object, person, group event or issue. This definition indicates that we can form attitudes towards anything.
Affective Component The affective component refers to the emotional reactions or feelings an individual has towards an object, person, group, event or issue.
Behavioural Component The behavioural component refers to the way in which an attitude is expressed through our actions.
Cognitive Component The cognitive component refers to the beliefs we have about an object, person, group, event or issue. Our beliefs are linked to what we know about the world.
Stereotype A stereotype is a collection of beliefs that we have about the people who belong to a certain group, regardless of individual differences among members of that group.
Prejudice Prejudice is often defined as holding a negative attitude towards the members of a group, based solely on their membership of that group.
Discrimination Discrimination refers to positive or negative behaviour that is directed towards a social group or its members. Discrimination represents the behavioural component with regards to attitude.
Old fashioned prejudice Old fashioned prejudice is a form of prejudice in which members of the majority group openly reject minority group members and their views towards the minority group are obvious and recognisable to others.
Modern prejudice Modern prejudice is described as a form of prejudice which is more subtle, hidden and expressed in ways more likely accepted within the majority group.
Intergroup contact (in reducing prejudice) prejudice can be reduced by increasing intergroup contact; that is, increasing direct contact between two groups who are prejudiced against each other.
Sustained contact (in reducing prejudice) Sustained contact involves ongoing contact either directly or indirectly over a period of time. Sustained contact is used to break down a stereotype that was substantially based on minimal information obtained from other secondary sources.
Mutual interdependence (in reducing prejudice) If 2 rival groups who dislike and are prejudice against eachother are placed in a contact situation in which they are dependent on each other - there is greater likelihood that the rivalry and negative stereotypes can be reduced.
Super-ordinate goals (in reducing prejudice) A superordinate goal is a goal that cannot be achieved by any one group alone and overrides other existing goals which each group might have. Superordinate goals can be used to reduce prejudice.
Equality (in reducing prejudice) When members of 2 groups perceive their own group and the other group as being equally important, they would be described as having an equality of status.
Cognitive interventions (in reducing prejudice) Cognitive intervention involves changing the way in which someone thinks about prejudice. e.g. asking a prejudice person to consider prejudice from the victim's perspective or to have their negative stereotypes challenged or broken down.
Cognitive Dissonance Refers to a situation involving attitudes, beliefs or behaviours. This produces a feeling of discomfort leading to an alteration in one of the attitudes, beliefs or behaviours to reduce the discomfort and restore balance.
Racial segregation A social system that provides separate facilities for minority groups, e.g. in public transportation and hotels and restaurants and other public places.
Contact hypothesis (in reducing prejudice) If one has the opportunity to communicate with others, they are able to understand and appreciate different points of views involving their way of life. As a result of new appreciation and understanding, prejudice should diminish.
Inconsistent Attitude Refers to when we say one thing and do another; our attitudes don't really predict our behavior. Have you ever caught yourself or observed someone else behaving in ways at odds with what you've /they've said?
Created by: Monique Mair
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