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Feminist-EPSY 6325
Feminist- EPSY 6325 Arbona
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Feminist Therapy | Role of social, political, and cultural context in individual's problems: a)Power:central aspects in human relations, b)Perspective of psych theories (White European middle class male; normative), c)Dominant group considers what is different from them |
Women's Movement 1960s | a)Reaction against limited female gender roles; b)Gender socialization affects women's development and well-being. Cultural conceptions of gender serve as an organizing principle in people's identity |
Women's Movement 1960s | a)Traditional therapy as a way to maintain the status quo; b)Need for psychological theories that take into account women's perspectives and political realities |
Women's Movement 1970s and 1980s | a)Research on gender bias; b)Self-in relation models; c)Research emphasis on body image, eating disorders, abusive relations, sexual abuse; d)expanded focus to:multiple oppression, multicultural competence, and social justice; d)Men's movement |
Self-in relation models | Validate relational and cooperative dimensions of women's experience |
2 views of development | Androcentric and Gendercentric |
Androcentric | Male-oriented constructs constitute the norms used to draw conclusions about humans, including female nature. Traditional women's gender roles dispositions of connectedness and inter-dependence are devalued & independence and autonomy are exalted |
Relational Cultural theory | Challenges the androcentric view by: a)women's identity and self-concept develop in the context of relationships and accepts the notion of intrinsic gender differences based on social historical context |
Gendercentric | There are two separate innate paths of development for women and men |
Socio-cultural and power analyses | Challenges the gendercentric view (socialization process0 by: Traditional women's gender roles and dispositions have been acquired/learned in the context of women's subservient position and rejects the notion of intrinsic gender differences |
Gender Socialization | Is central to therapeutic practice for men and women |
Socio-political and cultural perspective | Is essential in understanding people's problems. Ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, class, age, and disabilities matter |
Symptoms | May be self-preservation responses to an oppressive environment |
Goals of Therapy | Empowerment and Societal Change |
Empowerment | Help clients free themselves from the internalized constraints of gender role socialization and oppression |
Societal Change | Social change to eliminate sexism and other forms of oppression |
Techniques/strategies | a)Egalitarian counselor-client relationship, b)Therapist self-disclosure, c)Gender role analyses/intervention, d)Power Analysis, e)Assertiveness training, f)Bibliotherapy, g)social action |
Egalitarian counselor-client relationship | Actively engage client in setting the direction, goals, length, and procedures of therapy |
Therapist self-disclosure | To decrease power differential |
Gender Role Analyses/Intervention | a)Emphasize societal as opposed ti intra-psychic origin of problems; b)Examine how internalized societal expectations regarding gender roles are related to client's issues |
Power Analysis | a)Raise awareness of power difference between men and women in society; b)Help clients recognize different kinds of power they possess and how they and others exercise power on personal and societal levels |
Assertiveness Training | Teach and promote assertive behavior so women will:become aware of interpersonal rights, transcend stereotypical gender roles, change negative beliefs, and implement changes in daily life |
Bibliotherapy | a)To help educate clients about societal issues and b)Increases clients' expertise and decreases power differential in therapy |
Social Action | a)Encourage clients to actively influence social change regarding women/other oppressed groups; b)Helps empower clients by making the connection between society and personal problems |
Contributions | a)Brought awareness to the impact of the cultural context and multiple oppressions; b)Established as proper focus of therapy to change oppressive conditions rather than just expect clients to adapt to them |
Contributions | Gave validity to women's perspectives: a)sexual conduct in therapeutic relations has been recognized and sanctioned; b)Strengths in women's qualities of nurturance and cooperation (rather than competition) are recognized |
Limitations | a)Feminist therapy doesn't take a neutral stance regarding gender roles; b)May put undue pressure on clients to follow a specific direction; c)Not all clients may be interested in engaging in social action |
Limitations | Over-emphasis on environmental factors may: a)Neglect exploration of the intra-psychic world, and b)Motivate clients to forsake responsibility for themselves in the face of an unjust world |