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Pharmaceutical Class
Pharmaceutical Classifications Anti-Hypertensives
| these drugs are used to lower blood pressure through various mechanisms of action. | Anti-Hypertensive Drugs |
| Lowers blood pressure by lowering cardiac output | Alhpa blockers and Beta blockers |
| Toprol & Lopressor/metoprolol Tenormin/atenolol Betoptic/betaxolol Inderal/propranolol Timoptic/timolol are all listed as ______medications. | Beta Blockers |
| Cadura/doxazosin Hytrin/terazosin Prazosin/minipress are all listed as ______medications. | Alpha Blockers |
| Duretics sub-classes are: | Thiazides Loop Potassium Sparing Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Osmotic |
| Diuretics work by performing what action? | decrease blood pressure by decreasing blood volume. |
| Thiazides work by performing what acttion? | increase the excretion of Sodium and Chloride. |
| Loop Diuretics do what? | generate a larger elimination response than that of the thiazides. |
| Potassium Sparing. One of its characteristcs: | a weaker diuretic often used in conjunction with other diuretics. |
| Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors function by | interefering with the action of carbonic anhydrase in the kidney and also the eye. |
| Osmotic Diuretics | Their action is solely through osmosis |
| Diuril/chlorothiazide HCTZ/hydrochlorothiazideare all listed as ______medications. | Thiazides |
| Lasix/furosemide Edecrin/ethacrynic acid are all listed as ______medications. | Loop diuretics |
| Dyazide/HCTZ & Triamterene combination are all listed as ______medications. | Potassium Sparing |
| Diamox/acetazolamide Trusopt/dorzolamide | Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors |
| Mannitol Glycerin are all listed as ______medications. | Osmotic diuretic |
| Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors will cause what actions on the blood vessels? | relax the blood vessels and increases excretion of sodium and water. |
| Capoten/captopril Vasotec/enalapril Altace/ramipril Lotensin/benazepril Accupril/quinapril Monopril/fosinopril are all listed as ______medications. | ACE Inhibitors |
| Calcium Channel Blockers function by | blocking the movement of calcium ions into cell membranes and cause vasodilation. |
| Calcium Channel Blockers. Name the different medications | Procardia/nifedipine Isoptin/verapamil Norvasc/amlodipine AdalatCC/nifedipine ER |
| Centrally Acting Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers are used for what type of patient? | used in patients with moderate to severe hypertension. |
| Centrally Acting Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers. Give the name of the brand and generic medication | Castapres/clonidine |
| Anticonvulsants work by | Reduce Seizures by reducing the excitability of the brain's neurons. |
| Dilantin/phenytoin are all listed as ______medications. | Anti-Convulsant |
| Tegretol/carbamazepine are all listed as ______medications. | Anti-Convulsant |
| Divalproex are all listed as ______medications. | Anti-Convulsant |
| Anti-Diabetics | These drugs do not cure, but merely treats the disease and symptoms in various ways. |
| Insulins | replaces insulin not created by the pancreas |
| Sulfonylureas work by increasing insulin release by the pancreas. There are two generations of Sulfonylureas drugs. Name the 1st generation's brand and generic names. | DiaBeta/glyburide and Glucotrol/glipizide |
| Sulfonylureas work by increasing insulin release by the pancreas. They have two generations assigned to them. Name the brand and generic for the 2nd generation medications. | Dymelor/acetohexamide and Diabinese/chlorpropamide |
| Biguanides function by | decreases the absorption of glucose and glucose output from the liver. |
| Biguanides. Give the brand and generic name for the medication listed as a Biguanide. | Glucophage/metaformin |
| Thiazolidinediones will | lowers blood glucose by increasing insulin sensitivity. |
| Troglitazone is the name of a______drug. | Thiazolidinediones. |
| Anti-Hyperlipidemics | These drugs are used to lower cholesterol and triglycerides. |
| Bile Acid Sequestrant prevents | prevents the reabsorption of bile back into the body thus leading to lower LDL and total cholesterol. |
| Bile Acid Sequestrants prevents | the reabsorption of bile back into the body thus leading to lower LDL and total cholesterol |
| Bile Acid Sequestrant name of the medication(s) | Colestid/colestipol and Questran/cholestyramine |
| HMG Co-A Reductase Inhibitors will prevent | cholesterol from being synthesized. |
| HMG Co-A Reductase Inhibitors. Give the names of the brand and generic drugs. | Mevacor/lovastatin Pravacol/pravastatin Zocor/simvastatin Lipitor/atorvastatin Lescol/Fluvastatin Crestor/rosuvastatin |
| Fibric Acid Derivatives. What do they do? | these drugs lower triglycerides and elevate HDL. |
| Fibric Acid Derivatives. Give the name of the brand and generic medication. | Tricor/fenofibrate Lopid/gemfibrozil |
| Anti-Infectives. What do they do? | these drugs either kill an infectious agent or inhibit it from spreading |
| Penicillins. What do they do? | Eliminate infection causeing bacteria. They are bactericidal (to kill). |
| Penicillins. Give the names of the drugs | Diclox/dicloxacillin, Pen Vee-K/penicillins & Potassium Ampicillin/ampicillin Amoxil/amoxicillin |
| Cephalosporins. What do they do? | eliminate infection causing bacteria. bacteridcidal (to kill). This group is divided into generations based on their improved activity. |
| First Generation cephalosporins is effective against | Keflex/cephalexin most active agains gram-positive aerobes |
| Second Generation cephalosporins is effective against | Cefotan/cefotetan Improved activity over first generation |
| Third Generation cephalosporins is effective against | Cedax/ceftibuten,Cefdinir/omnnicef Active against serious gram negative infections |
| Fourth Generation cephalosporins is effective against | Maxipime/cefepime Broad spectrum activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive |
| Fifth Generation Cephalosporins is effective against what? | Teflaro/ceftaroline fosamil Effective against MRSA |
| Monobactams are used to treat what? | used to treat severe infections |
| Monobactams. Give the name of the drug. | Azactam/aztreonam |
| Glycopeptide antibiotics are used to treat___. | used to treat intestinal infections that cause colitis |
| Glycopeptide antibiotics. Give the name of the medication. | Vancocin/vancomycin |
| Quinolones/Fluoroquinolones are used primarily to treat what condition? | Used primarily to treat UTI's |
| Quinolones/Fluoroquinolones. Give the names of the medications. | Cipro/ciprofloxacin Levaquin/levofloxacin Avelox & Vigamox/moxifloxacin Trovan/trovafloxacin |
| Anti-Virals. How do they work? | these drugs work by inhibiting a step in the viral replication process. |
| Macrolides/What do they do? | These drugs are effective against a wide range of mocroorganisms and are primarily bacteriostatic (retarding bacteria growth) |
| Antacids/What do they do? | neutralize existing stomach acids.Maalox, Mylanta |
| Gastric Mucosal Agents. What do they do and give the name of a Gastric Mucosal agent. | form a protective layer on the mucosal lining. Carafate/sucralfate |
| Give the name(s) of some of the Histamine Receptor Antagonist medications. | Tagamet/cimetidine, Zantac/ranitidine, Pepcid/famotidine |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors. What do they do? | Interfere with gastric acid secretion. Prilosec/omeprazole, Nexium/esomeprazole, Protonix/pantoprazole |
| Anti-diarrheals, name of some of the medications | Lomotil/diphenoxalate/atropine, Immodium/loperamide |
| Laxatives and Stool Softeners, name a few. | Dulcolax/bisacodyl, Senekot/senna, Miralax, MOM |
| Give the name(s) of Anti-coagulation Agents | various Heparins, Coumadin/warfarin |
| Give the name(s) of Anti-platelet Agents | aspirin, Plavix/clopidogrel |
| Thyroid Hormones/Hypothyroid agents. How do they work? | decrease cholesterol concentrations, stimulate the heart, increase metabolism of proteins and carbohydrates. |
| The name(s) of Thyroid Hormones/Hypothyroid agents | Synhroid/levothyroxine |
| What is the function of Anti-anginals | these drugs increase cardiac blood flow thus increasing oxygen supply while decreasing the workload of the heart, which decreases its demand for oxygen. |
| Name the different classes of Anti-anginal drugs | Nitrates, Calcium Channel Blockers, Alpha and Beta Blockers, Antiarrhythmics. |
| What do Vasopressors do? | these drugs are called Inotropes they increase the force of cardiac contraction. |
| How do Glycosides work? | increase the force of contraction of the heart thus decreasing overall heart rate. |
| Name of the medication listed as a Glycoside | Lanoxin/digoxin |
| Describe Skeletal Muscle Relaxants | have sedative properties and often reduce pain rather than directly relaxing the muscle. |
| Give the name of the Brand and generic drug of a Skeletal Muscle Relaxant | Soma/carisprodol |
Created by:
Pejae
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