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drdonna Chapter 8
Term | Definition |
---|---|
mental agae | an individual's level of mental development relative to others |
intelligence | the ability to solve problems and to adapt to and learn from experiences |
intelligence quotient | an individual's mental age divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100 |
normal distribution | bell-shaped curve with a majority of cases falling in the middle of the possible range of scores and fewer scores on either end of the range |
brainstorming | technique in which individuals are encouraged to think of creative ideas in a group, play off of each other's ideas, and say practically whatevre comes to mind regarding that topic. |
creativity | able to think in novel and unusual ways and come up with unique solutions to problems |
convergent thinking | thinking that produces one correct answer |
divergent thinking | thinking that produces many answers to the same question |
giftedness | having above-average intelligence (IQ of 130+ or higher) and/or superior talent for something |
mental retardation | limited mental ability with an IQ lower than 70, significant delays in adaptive behaviors, and diagnosed before age 18 |
cognitive mechanics | "hardware" of the mind, reflecting the neurophysiological architecture of the brain as developed through evolution. |
cognitive pragmatics | culture-based "software" of the mind including reading, writing, language comprehension, educational and professional qualifications that help us cope with life |
fluid intelligence | able to reason abstractly |
crystalized intelligence | abile to accumulate information and verbal skills continually throughout life |
wisdom | expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life that permits excellent judgment about important matters |
Bayley Scales of Infant Development | asessment of infants to determine cognitive, language, motor, socio-emotional, and adaptive skills |
life span perspective | examining how factors effect us throughout our lives |
culture fair tests | intelligence tests that are designed to avoid cultural bias |
heritability | the portion of the variance in a populataion that is attributed to genese |
triarchic theory of intelligence | Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence, creative intelligence and practical intelligence |