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Rogers-EPSY6325
UH EPSY 6325 Arbona Summer 2013
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Humanistic Psychology | Each of us has a natural potential that we can actualize and through which we can find meaning in life; phenomenological approach; nonjudgmental acceptance of the client; interested in the process of therapy |
| Human Nature: Main Concepts | 1. Self-actualizing Tendency 2. Internal Locus of Evaluation 3. Need for Positive Regard 4. Self-concept/ Self-regard 5. Conditions of Worth |
| Self Actualizing Tendency | Basic drive toward growth, completeness, and fulfillment |
| Internal Locus of Evaluation | Events that enhance the self-actualizing tendency are judged positively and vice-versa |
| Need for positive regard | Feeling accepted by others |
| self-concept/self-regard | Learned through the perceptions of regard and acceptance from others |
| Conditions of Worth | Expectations or demands we perceive from others in order to receive their acceptance. What we believe we should be. These perceptions are internalized and sometimes are out of our awareness |
| Conditions of Worth | When inconsistent with self-actualizing tendency conflicts occur |
| Psychopathology | Internalized conditions of worth block the natural self-actualizing tendency, creating a state of incongruence between: a)what we experience from within (internal locus) b)what we believe we should be (conditions of worth) *distort/block experiences w/ |
| Incongruence | Discrepancy exists between self-perception and experience in reality |
| Self-concept | How a person sees themself |
| Ideal self-concept | How a person would like to view themself |
| Problems/conflicts | Not due to internal conflicts, but are because of external world (environment) |
| Healthy Personality | Being in a state of congruence: self-actualizing tendency not blocked; no discrepancy between internal locus and conditions of worth |
| Anxiety | State of uneasiness or tension that occurs when the discrepancy between what I feel I need to be or do to be accepted and what I really want to do (internal locus of control) threatens to emerge |
| Defense mechanisms | Invoked to distort the "experiencing" from within, so that a person can conform with internalized external expectations (perceived or real) |
| Goals of Therapy | Facilitate the client's exploration of the parts of themselves that they have denied or distorted, to promote the self-actualization process |
| Given the right therapeutic climate, clients will: | a)become more open to experience b)achieve self-trust c)develop an internal source of evaluation d)be willing to continue growing |
| Therapy Relationship: 3 conditions | 1.congruence or genuineness 2.unconditional positive regard 3.accurate empathetic understanding |
| Congruence or genuineness | Agreement between the feelings and attitudes a therapist is experiencing and his/her professional demeanor |
| Unconditional positive regard | Nonpossessive caring and acceptance of the client |
| Acceptance of the client | the recognition of clients' rights to have their own beliefs and feelings; not approval of behavior |
| Accurate empathetic understanding | Ability to deeply grasp the client's subjective world |
| Interventions | Communicating empathy: Attentive/active listening, express understanding, openness to the client's perspective Techniques: Reflection of feeling and paraphrasing |
| Reflection of Feeling | Restating and exploring the client's affective messages. Emphasis is on the feelings. |
| Reflection of Feeling | "I hear you feel angry, but I also sense some sadness" |
| Parahrasing | Reflecting back the most important details of what the client said back to the client. Capturing the themes, rephrasing them, and repeating it back to the client. |
| Parahrasing | C: I have just broken up with Jason. The way he was treating me was just too much to bear. Every time I tried to touch on the subject with him he would just clam up. I feel so much better now. T: You feel much better after breaking up with Jason. |
| Hallmarks of Person centered therapy | 1.Therapy as a journey shared by 2 fallible people. 2.The person's innate striving for self-actualization. 3.The personal characteristics of the therapist and the quality of the therapeutic relationship. |
| Hallmarks of PC therapy | 4.The counselor's creation of a permissive, growth promoting climate. 5.Being present in the relationship and focus on the client's immediate experience. (includes non verbals) |
| Motivational Interviewing | a)Humanistic, client-centered, psychosocial, directive counseling approach. b)Initially designed as a brief intervention for problem drinking |
| Motivational interviewing | c)Promotes a collaborative process that focuses on solutions for behavioral problems while avoiding a confrontational style. d)Emphasizes client's abilities, strengths, resources, and competencies. |
| Contributions (Roger) | 1) Importance of the person of the counselor and of the relationship in the therapeutic process. 2) Initiated research in therapy process and outcome. 3) Research findings provide support for the importance of empathy in therapy outcome |
| Limitations (Roger) | 1)Therapeutic conditions are necessary but not sufficient. 2) lack of clear goals and structure. 3) lack of challenge to clients. 4) lack of guidance regarding behavioral intervention |
| Therapeutic relationship | Vehicle of Change according to Rogers |
Created by:
bseal023
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