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Chapter 1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Psychology | is the study of behavior and mental processes |
Industrial/Organizational Psychology | is the specialty area within psychology that is concerned with the study of behavior in work settings & the application of psychology principles to change work behavior. |
Fields | industrial training,employee selection, performance appraised efficient job design |
Organizational | job satisfaction, group process, conflict management, leadership |
Human factors egonomics | work design, human interaction |
Roots/history | Frederick Taylor- 20th century (scientific method)started by Taylor, a method of using scientific principles to improve the efficiency & productivity of jobs |
Hugo Munsterberg | 1913- design of work & personnel selection |
Walter Dill Scott | 1908- pioneered org psy- studied salesperson & psychology of advertising |
Husband & wife Frank & Lilian | studied by Gilbreth who introduced the scientific management |
WWI & 1920 Robert Yakes | worked with US Army to develop intelligence test for army recruits, Army Alph those who could...& Army Beta those who cannot |
Elton Mayo- researched Hawthorne electric co. realized people changed because they were being observed | examining the physical and environmental influences of the workplace (e.g. brightness of lights, humidity) and later, moved into the psychological aspects (e.g. breaks, group pressure, working hours, managerial leadership) |
Trends | *changing nature of jobs, downsizing, outsourcing *expanding focus on human resources, responsive to the needs of worker *increasing diversity & globalization, to the workplace *increasing relevence |