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Physical Science

2013 End Final

QuestionAnswer
An orderly, systematic approach to problem solving Scientific method
A proposed solution to a scientific problem is called a Hypothesis
In an experiment, one factor being tested is the Variable
The basic unit of length in the metric system Meter
A cubic centimeter is equal in volume to a Millimeter
The basic unit of mass in the metric system is Gram
The amount of matter in an object is called its Mass
To measure the mass of a solid, you should use a Balance
An air piston is graduated in Cubic centimeters
What are the general properties of matter? Weight, volume, mass, density
The density of an object is equal to Mass/volume
Matter that has a definite shape and definite volume is a Solid
The phase of matter in which the particles move the fastest and farthest is Gas
The phase change from a gas to a liquid is called Condensation
According to makeup, matter exists as Elements, compounds, molecules, solutions
Putting an acid on something tests its Chemical properties
If something happens after putting an acid on something, that is a Chemical change/reaction
The different phases of matter ____ energy as they go up Gain
The different phases of matter ____ energy as they go down Lose
Qualitative is an observation using The five senses
Quantitative is an observation using Amounts/numbers
Protons have a/an __________ charge Positive
Electrons have a/an __________ charge Negative
Neutrons have a/an __________ charge Neutral
Protons are located in the __________ Nucleus
Electrons are located in the __________ Outside of the nucleus
Neutrons are located in the __________ Nucleus
Protons have a mass of 1 AMU
Electrons have a mass of 0 AMU
Neutrons have a mass of 1 AMU
Matter than consists of 2 or more substances mixed but not chemically combined is a Mixture
The basic building block of matter is the Atom
The simplest type of a pure substance is a/an Element
Rutherford's atomic model pictures a positively charged center called a/an Nucleus
Particles smaller than the atom are called Subatomic particles
The nucleus of an atom contains Protons and neutrons
The number of protons in an atom are the same as it's ___________ Atomic number
Electrons in the outermost energy level cannot exceed 8
The transferring of electrons is what type of bond? Ionic
The sharing of electrons is what type of bond? Covalent
A bond involving a compound with three or more elements is a Polyatomic bond
Metals bonding with a metal is a Metallic bond
Ionic bonds involve the transferring between A metal and non-metal
Covalent bonds involve the sharing between Nonmetals and nonmetals
Solid directly to a gas is Sublimation
Putting ionic or polyatomic bonds in water will cause the water to Conduct/create energy
Groups __ and __ are the most reactive on the periodic table 1 and 17
The least reactive group on the table are the Noble gases, group 18
_____ is solid, _____ are gas Black; red
Majority of the elements on the periodic table are Metals
_____ elements are manmade White
There are __ groups on the periodic table 18
There are __ columns on the periodic table 8
There are __ periods on the periodic table 7
Alkaline metals are in the _ orbital s
Transition metals are in the _ orbital d
Gases are in the _ orbital p
Rare earth metals are in the _ orbital f
Electrons in the outermost energy level are called Valence electrons
The ability to undergo chemical reactions is determined by its Outermost electrons
In a balance chemical equation Atoms are balanced
Two or more simple substances combine to form a single new substance in a Synthesis
A reaction in which energy is absorbed is called Endothermic
A reaction in which energy is released is called Exothermic
True or false: the valence electrons determine the net charge False
Valence electrons determind how an atom/element Bonds
True or false: valence electrons identify an element False
__________force holds together a compound Electrostatic
Hydrogen online forms __________ bonds Covalent
Roman numerals are only used when The first compound is metal
Ductile is when A metal can be made into a thin wire
Malleable is when A metal can be pounded into a thin sheet
Atoms are __________ in a reaction Rearranged
Before a new bond can occur the only bonds must be Broken
On a graph, the products of an exothermic reaction are Lower
On a graph, the products of an endothermic reaction are Higher
You can tell a chemical change has taken place when Gas, unpredictable color change, temperature change, or precipitation occur
The rate of reaction is influenced by Heat, surface area, pressure, or catalyst/inhibitor
The coefficient also tells you the number of Moles
In balancing, the _____ must be equal Atoms
H2 + Blue = Blue flame, ignited gas
H2 + Red = Red
Air + Blue = Blue flame that stays burning
Air + Red = Red
CO2 Puts out a flame
CO2 + Red Yellow
CO2 + Blue Yellow
All acids start with the letter H
All bases end in OH
If an element does start with H or end in OH, it is Neutral
A ph less than 7 is Acidic
A ph at 7 is Nuetral
A ph greater than 7 is Basic
Shell + HCl creates CO2
Anti-acids are Bases
You should always balance an equation before you calculate the Moles
When balancing an equation, if all have a coefficient check to see if you can Simplify it
Created by: rachelmonks
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