Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
lower extrems
lower extremities
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| characteristics of a foot are? | differences in thickness, dorsal and plantar surfaces. 26 bones divided into three parts |
| dorsal surface | top surface |
| plantar surface | bottom surface |
| phalanges | 14 |
| metatarsals | 5 |
| tarsus or tarsal bones | 7 |
| before equalization what was used on a foot | wedge filter |
| phalanges | 14. one phalanx has a base which is proximal. also a body and distal head |
| another name for great toe | hallux which has only two phalanges the distal and proximal phalange |
| what is the structural and functional classification of the IPJs in the foot | synovial hinge/diathrodial |
| metatarsals | 5 beginning at medial aspect or great toe side |
| classification of metatarsals | long bones |
| metatarsals consist of what | a shaft and two articular ends a base and head |
| distal ends of the metatarsals articulate w/ what | heads articulate w/ proximal phalanges |
| classification of MTP joints | diathroidal synovial gliding |
| proximal ends of of metatarsals articulate w/ what | bases articulate w/anterior tarsal bones |
| classification of TMT joints | synovial gliding |
| tarsals | 7 tarsal bones of the ankle |
| classification of tarsal bones | |
| anterior tarsal bones | medial, intermediate, lateral cuneiforms and cuboid |
| is the the cuboid the most lateral T or F | true |
| posterior tarsal bones | navicular, talus, and calcaneus |
| another name for talus | astragulus w/ articulates w/tibia = tailor dome |
| another name for calcaneus | oscalsis which is the largest bone and also the bone of the heel |
| calcaneus or oscalsis | lies below the talus and has three articular surfaces that form a joint w/ the talus. anterior ends form articulation w/ cuboid |
| calcaneal tuberosity and sustentaculum tail | |
| talus or astragulus | is on top and is second largest |
| the talus articulates w/ what | the calcaneus at the subtalar joint |
| parts of the talus | body, trochlea (rounded part or talor dome, tibia), neck, and head (articulates w/ trochlea) |
| sinus tarsi | two tali make a tarsi. sulcus tali (talus) and sustentaculum tali (calcaneus) |
| sulcus tali | indentation in the bone |
| sustentaculum tali | ridge of bone |
| navicular | medial side of foot. lies anterior to talus and posterior to all cuneiforms. |
| the navicular articulates w/ what | the talus, all three cuneiforms and cuboid |
| cuboid | on lateral side |
| cuboid articulates w/ what | calcaneus and the bases of the 4th and 5th metatarsals |
| cuneiforms | occupy medial and central parts of the foot between the navicular and the first,second, and third metatarsals |
| first (internal) cuneiform articulates w/ what | is the largest and articulates w/ the navicular, base of the first metatarsal, and 2nd cuneiform |
| second (middle) cuneiform articulates w/ what | navicular, base of second metatarsal, and 1st and 2nd cuneiform |
| third (lateral) cuneiform articulates w/ what | navicular, base of 3rd metatarsal, 2nd cuneiform, and cuboid |
| sesamoid bones | small detached bones found in foot which form at points of stress near joint. usually found on posterior (plantar) surface of 1st MTP joint. very painful |
| 3 arches | longitudinal and transverse arch; ples planus |
| ples planus | flat foot |
| jones fracture | base of 5th metatarsal |
| congenital club foot | talipes equinovarous. infants feet turn inward |
| ankle joint | formed by articulation between lateral malleolus of fibula, inferior surface of tibia, and medial malleolus of tibia |
| classification of ankle joint | synovial saddle joint |
| leg | two long bones the tibia and fibula |
| is the fibula weight bearing | no |
| tibia | second largest bone in body behind femur. located on the medial side |
| fibula | located on the lateral side and slightly posterior |
| tibia proximal extremity | medial and lateral condyles |
| SUPERIOR surfaces of condyles form what for femur as part of the knee joint | articular facets/ tibial plateaus |
| intercondylar eminence | sharp projection between articular facets (tibial plateaus) |
| double pointed projections | intercondylar tubercles or tibial spine |
| tibial tuberosity | anterior surface of tibia, inferior to condyles, serves as point of attachment to muscles and insertion of patellar ligament/ between tibia and patella |
| as the tibia nears the ankle it becomes what? | flattened |
| tibia distal extremity | inferior articular surface is tibial plafond. |
| medial malleolus | large palpable prominence that is located at distal end, forms part of ankle mortise, and reaches approx. 1/2" below ankle joint |
| fibular notch | has lateral surface w/ triangular concave depression for articulation w the medial border of distal fibula |
| distal tibiofibular joint classification | fibrous syndesmosis/ amphiarthrodial |
| fibula | long bone which does not bear weight and lies on lateral side of tibia |
| head of fibula | at proximal end and articulates w/ lateral condyle of tibia (proximal tibiofibular joint) |
| fibula apex or styloid process | conical projection on the lateral and psoterior portion of the head |
| lateral malleolus | distal end of the fibula which also forms part of the ankle mortise which projects lower than the medial malleolus |
| knee | femorotibial (complex) joint formed by femoral condyles and articular facets on superior surface of tibial condyles |
| classification of the knee | synovial, diathrodial, hinge type joint |
| the joint is protected by what? | the patella or sesamoid bone located on anterior surface of femur |
| what ligaments support the knee? | PCL, ACL, TCL, AND FCL |
| PCL | posterior cruciate ligament |
| ACL | anterior cruciate ligament |
| TCL | tibial cruciate ligament |
| FCL | fibular cruciate ligament |
| how is the knee stabilzed? | stabilized and cushioned by menisci which lie on tibial plateaus. |
| what are the menisci? | medial and lateral meniscus |
| meniscus | absorb shock. lateral views of the knee are done to see fat fluid levels |
| bursa | sac found in connective tissue usually in the area of the joints. contains fluid which reduces the friction between bone and tendons |
| how many bursa are around the knee | approx. 12 |
| what is the largest bursa of the knee and the shoulder? | shoulder = subacromial knee = prepatellar |
| patella | largest sesamoid bone in the body that is located on the distal, anterior femur which develops in tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle between 3-5 yrs old |
| shape of the patellar | triangle. apex points towrds the knee. pateller ligament attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity. base is superior |
| femur | long bone. largest in the body has head which articulates with acetabulum of pelvis to form hip joint |
| fovea capitus | indentation (pit) on the head femur |
| neck | slender region just below head |
Created by:
eckoultd1972
Popular Radiology sets