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PS CH 23 & 24
DHS PS CH 23 & 24
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a substance that produces hydrogen ions in a solution? | Acid |
| NaOH represents a ____ ? | base |
| What about bases is true? | Bases form when acids react with metals |
| What kind of acid is found in car batteries? | sulfuric |
| What acid is Vitamin C? | Ascorbic Acid |
| Any substance that forms hydroxide ions in a solution is an? | Base |
| What is an organic compound that changes color in acid? | Indicator |
| What base is found in antacids? | Aluminum hydroxide |
| What statement about acids is not true? | Acids form hydroxide ions in a solution. |
| In chemical equations describing dissociation, what do double arrows pointing in opposite directions indicate? | The dissociation reaction is incomplete. |
| The strength of an acid or base depends on? | How completely it ionizes in water. |
| What two terms refers to the amount of acid or base dissolved in an solution? | Dilute and concentrated |
| What is a measure of the concentration of the hydonium ions in it? | pH |
| Vinegar has a pH of about ____ . | 3 |
| How many times more acidic is a substance with a pH of 2.5 compare to 4.5? | 100 |
| What would the degree be in which a lightbulb would light up when the current is passed through a weak acid? | Dimmly |
| What are the solutions containing ions that react with acids or bases to minimize their effects? | Buffers |
| What substance would have the pH of about 10? | Milk of Magnesium |
| How many carbon atoms butane contains based on how it separated in a fractioning tower since it rises to the top? | 1-4 |
| What is NOT obtained from petroleum? | Nucleic Acid |
| What are large molecules made up of smaller molecules linked together? | Polymers |
| Why don't condensed liquids fall back through the holes in the plates? | Pressure from rising vapors prevents it |
| Petroleum products are separated by what physical property? | Boiling Point |
| What are small molecules that form the links of large moluecular chains? | Monomers |
| What is NOT a fossil fuel? | Hydrogen |
| What petroleum product has the highest boiling point? | Asphalt |
| What is the process for the seperation of petroleum compounds? | Fractional Distillation |
| What structure is found in all aromatic compounds? | Benzene Ring |
| What is formed when -OH groups replace one or more hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon? | Alcohol |
| What is the symbol for a carboxyl group? | -COOH |
| What is one of the substances that contains carboxyl groups? | Citric Acid |
| What forms when a carboxyl group, -COOH, is substituted for one of the hydrogen atoms attatched to a carbon atom? | Organic Acid |
| What substituted hydrocarbon is added to natural gas to make people aware of leaks before they become dangerous? | Mercaptan |
| What forms when sulfur replaces oxygen in the -OH group of an alcohol? | Thiol |
| Most compounds containing the element carbon are called? | Organic |
| How many electrons does carbon have in its outer energy level? | 4 |
| What enables carbon to form so many different compounds? | Carbon atoms form 4 covalent bonds |
| What is a compound made up of only carbon and hydrogen aroms? | Hydrocarbon |
| What type of chemical conds do saturated hydrocarbons contain? | Only single bonds |
| What are compounds that have identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures and shapes? | Isomers |
| Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain? | At least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms |
| What suffix indicates a triple bond? | -yne |
| In a titration, what is the point at which the indicator changes color and stays that way? | Endpoint |
| In a titration, what is the solution for which the concentration is known? | Standard solution |
| What is a process that uses a solution of known concentration to find the concentration of another solution? | Titration |
| What is a substance that produces H+ ions in a water solution? | Acid |
| What is a substance that produces OH- ions in a solution? | Base |
| What is the measure of how acidic or basic a substance is? | pH |
| What is the change in color in the pressure of an acid or base? | Indicators |
| What is a compound formed in solution from the negative ion of an acid and the positive ions of a base? | Salt |
| What comes from an alcohol that is not a base but has a hydroxyl group? | Ester |
| What has a bitter taste and a slippery feel that are clues that a solution is probably an? | Base |
| How many ions does Ammonia produce in a solution? | Only a few |
| What is a solution that refers to the ease with which an acid or base forms ions in solution? | Strength |
| What is thew type of base that only partly ionizes in a solution? | Weak Base |
| If a single arrow that points at the ions that are formed, this shows it is a? | Strong Acid or Base |
| In what type of reaction does an acid and a base produce salt and a water? | Neutralization |
| Polyesters are fibers made of? | Many esters |
| What is the main advantage of detergents over soaps? | Detergents can be used in hard water |
| What measures the hydronium ions in a solution? | Concentration |
| Coffee has a pH of about 5. Coffee is? | Somewhat acidic |
| What contains compounds that allow small amounts of acids or bases to be absorbed without harmful effects? | Buffers |
| Metal ions in water can react with soap to form? | Soap Scum |
| To neutralize gastric juices in your stomach, antacids contain? | Bases |
| What is NOT a property of an acid? | Feeling slippery |
| What pH measurement is basic? | Greater than 7 |
| What instrument could tell you how acidic a sample of stream water is? | pH meter |
| Fish tank water must be kept at a particular pH level so the fish stay healthy. What is the best way to protect the water from becoming too acidic or too basic? | Add a buffer to the water |
| Mershum and his teacher are conducting a titration experiment. Mershum is adding an indicator into the solution drop by drop. He knows hthat he should stop adding drops of the indicator when the solution? | changes color |
| Adding this to a pond would be least likely to harm the fish and other organisms living there? | buffer |
| What is the difference between a soap and a detergent? | soaps contain salts and detergents contain sulfonic or phosphoric acid groups |
| That is an organic compound that changes color in acids? | indictor |
| What are some characteristics of acids? | taste sour, are corrosive, many foods contain acids, it has the chemical foruma HNO3, it forms hydronium ions in water |
| In chemical equations describing dissociation, what do double arrows pointing in opposite directions indicate? | the dissociation reaction is complete |
| What are solutions containing ions htat react with acids or bases to minimize their effects? | buffers |
| What are some characteristics of bases? | feels slippery, bitter taste, has a chemical forumla Ca(OH)2 |
| How is the concentration of an acid or base different from the strength of an acid or base? | concentration refers to the amount of acid or base dissolved in solution. Strength refers to how completely the acid ionized in solution. |
| Why do many states limit the amount of phosphates that can be used in detergents? | phosphates act as fertilizers, causing overgrowth of vegetation in streams |
| A compound that is made up only of carbon and hydrogen is called a? | hydrocarbon |
| A hydrocarbon that has at least one double or triple bond is? | unsaturated |
| A cydrocarbon containing only single-bonded carbon atoms is called a _____ hydrocarbon? | saturated |
| Compounds that have identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures and shapes are called? | isomers |
| A hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms is replaced by an -OH groups is an? | alcohol |
| A huge molecule made up of many smaller molecules is called? | polymer |
| Rubbing alcohol is a? | substituted hydrocarbon |
| Plastic is an? | Polymer |
| The individual molecules that make up a polymer arfe called? | Monomers |
| The structure of benezene can best be described as a? | Ring |
| How many electrons does a carbon atom have in its outer energy level? | Four |
| Chemists and engineers seperate petroleum into its individual compounds by? | Boiling Point |
| Which of the following statements is true of all aromatic compounds? | They contain a benezene ring structure. |
| Which of the following groups is characteristic of an alcohol? | -OH |
| What doesn't come from petroleum? | Sugar |
| What accounts for 15 percent of your total body weight? | Proteins |
| The element carbon exists naturally EXCEPT? | Metal |
| What isn't a characteristic of Protein? | Inorganic compounds |
| Petroleum is a type of fossil fuel. According to this defination, where does petroleum come from? | The remains of long-dead plants and animals |
| What is not an organic compound? | Hydrogen |
| Information about alcohols and organic acids would most likely be found under which headingh in a table of contents? | The Uses of Substituted Hydrocarbons |
| There are over four million organic compounds. The element carbon forms so many compounds because? | Carbon atoms readily form four convalent bonds with other atoms |
| Butane and isobutane are isomers. Isomers are compounds with? | Identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures |
| Organic materials contain carbon. There are many different kinds of organic materials. This is because carbon? | forms many types of bonds |
| While discussing aromatic compounds, Akira's teacher passed around a vial full of sour-smelling liquid. Besides having an acrid smell, aromatic compounds aksi have which of the following characeristics? | Ring structure |
| What best describes a hydrocarbon? | A hydrocarbon is a molecule that contains carbon and hydrogen. |
| How many electrons does carbon have in its outer energy level? | Four |
| What forms when sulfur replaces oxygen in the -OH group of an alcohol? | Thiol |
| What is not a fossil fuel? | Hydrogen |
Created by:
basmith
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