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Anti-HPTN/Anti-Angio

USMLE Step 1

DrugMOA & ADRs
Diltiazem MOA: Ca channel blocker used in all pts affecting the vasculature and the heart; ADRs: don't use in CHF, constipation, vertigo, headache, fatigue and hypoTN; *Note used when 1st line don't work*
Nifedipine MOA: Ca channel blocker used in all pts affects the vasculature; ADRs: don't use in CHF, constipation, vertigo, headache, fatigue and hypoTN; *Note used when 1st line don't work*
Verapamil MOA: Ca channel blocker used in all pts affecting both the heart and the vasculature; ADRs: don't use in CHF, constipation, vertigo, headache, fatigue and hypoTN; *Note used when 1st line don't work*
Propranolol MOA: Beta-blocker used in angina pectoris & post MI, also 1st line drug for HPTN, decrease beta-1 receptor +; ADRs: don't use in DM, asthma, COPD & peripheral vascular disease, causes fatigue, insomnia, impotence, decreased HDL & increased TGs, depression
Timolol MOA: Beta-blocker used in angina pectoris & post MI, also 1st line drug for HPTN, decrease beta-1 receptor +; ADRs: don't use in DM, asthma, COPD & peripheral vascular disease, causes fatigue, insomnia, impotence, decreased HDL & increased TGs, depression
Atenolol MOA: used in angina pectoris & post MI, 1st line drug for HPTN, decrease beta-1 receptor (more selective) +; ADRs: don't use in DM, asthma, COPD & peripheral vascular disease, causes fatigue, insomnia, impotence, decreased HDL & increased TGs, depression
Labetalol MOA: used in angina pectoris & post MI, 1st line drug for HPTN, decrease beta-1 receptor (alpha - too) +; ADRs: don't use in DM, asthma, COPD & peripheral vascular disease, causes fatigue, insomnia, impotence, decreased HDL & increased TGs, depression
Metoprolol MOA: Beta-blocker used in angina pectoris & post MI, also 1st line drug for HPTN, decrease beta-1 receptor +; ADRs: don't use in DM, asthma, COPD & peripheral vascular disease, causes fatigue, insomnia, impotence, decreased HDL & increased TGs, depression
Nadolol MOA: Beta-blocker used in angina pectoris & post MI, also 1st line drug for HPTN, decrease beta-1 receptor +; ADRs: don't use in DM, asthma, COPD & peripheral vascular disease, causes fatigue, insomnia, impotence, decreased HDL & increased TGs, depression
Thiazide MOA: 1st line drug for HPTN, block Na in the DCT used for CHF & chronic renal failure; ADRs: dont use in DM & hyperlipidemia, causes hypokalemia, hypercalcemia & hyperuricemia
Captopril MOA: ACEI for all pts, anti-HPTN of choice for DM, reserved 4 pts whom diuretics or beta-blockers r unsuccessful, increase bradykinin; ADRs: dry cough, rash, fever, altered taste, hypoTN, hyperkalemia, angioedema & 1st dose syncope, don't use in pregnancy
Lisinopril MOA: ACEI used in all pts, anti-HPTN of choice for DM, reserved for pts for whom diuretics or beta-blockers are unsuccessful; ADRs: dry cough, rash, fever, altered taste, hypoTN, hyperkalemia, angioedema & 1st dose syncope, don't use in pregnancy
Enalapril MOA: ACEI for all pts, anti-HPTN of choice for DM, reserved 4 pts 4 whom diuretics or beta-blockers r unsuccessful, more potent, long T1/2; ADRs: dry cough, rash, fever, altered taste, hypoTN, hyperkalemia, angioedema & 1st dose syncope, not 4 pregnancy
Na Nitroprusside MOA: rapid & potent used in the hospital setting for HPTN crisis (150/210), administered IV, vasodilation causes decreased preload; ADRs: metabolized to cyanide thus to prevent use via IV, but can use Na thiosulfate if problemic
Prazosin MOA: alpha-blocker cause arteriolar vasodilation, ADRs: reflex tachy & 1st dose syncope
Terazosin MOA: alpha-blocker cause arteriolar vasodilation, ADRs: reflex tachy & 1st dose syncope
Saralasin MOA: ACEI for all pts, anti-HPTN of choice for DM, reserved 4 pts 4 whom diuretics or beta-blockers r unsuccessful, - angiotensin receptor; ADRs: dry cough, rash, fever, altered taste, hypoTN, hyperkalemia, angioedema & 1st dose syncope, not 4 pregnancy
Losartan MOA: Angiotensin 2 antagonists block receptor producing vasodilation and decreased aldosterone, no cough associated because no effects on bradykinin levels
Candesartan MOA: Angiotensin 2 antagonists block receptor producing vasodilation and decreased aldosterone, no cough associated because no effects on bradykinin levels
Valsartan MOA: Angiotensin 2 antagonists block receptor producing vasodilation and decreased aldosterone, no cough associated because no effects on bradykinin levels
Clonidine MOA: central alpha 2 agonist working to depress sympathetic outflow
Hydralazine MOA: smooth muscle relaxant producing vasodilation
Alpha-methyldopa MOA: central alpha 2 agonist
Minoxidil MOA: vasodilator, ADRs: hypertrichosis
Diazoxide MOA: direct arteriolar vasodilator, effects similar to hydralazine
Spironolactone MOA: aldosterone antagonist, prevents aldosterone mediated effects allow for reduction of blood mmHg, considered a K sparing diuretic; ADRs: hyperkalemia and hormone-related side effects include menstrual irregularities & gyncomastia
Created by: jerrica_08
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