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Macrolides

Stack #126991

QuestionAnswer
Macrolides Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin
Macrolide MOA Inhibits protein synthesis of bacterial cell. BACTERIOSTATIC.
Erythromycin MOA inhibits protein synthesis, bacteriostatic
Erythromycin spectrum effective against gram + organisms similar to pen V. INEFFECTIVE AGAINST ORAL ANAEROBES
Erythromycin resistance problem in clinic setting, many staph and strep now resistant to Erythromycin
Erythromycin toxicity GI irritation(#1 problem), Allergic rxns are uncommon
Erythromycin Pharmacokinetics Oral route: Erratic absorption. best to give on an empty stomach 2hrs before or after meal-food decreases absorbtion-but food may reduce GI effects. Well distributed in all body fluids except CSF. Partially reabsorbed via the liver, excreted via urine and
Erythromycin 1st drug of choice for penicillin allergic pts.
Erythromycin drug interactions Theophylline (asthma), digoxin (heart), triaoloam, warfarin (blood thinner), carbamepin (antiepileptic), cyclosporine (immune suppressant for organ transplant patients), tegretol (antiepileptic), BCPS, penicillin and clindamycin
Clarithromycin and Azithromycin MOA inhibits protein synthesis
Clarithromycin & Azithromycin spectrum includes gram+ aerobes, some gram- aerobes
Clarithromycin & Azithromycin side effects GI, but less than erythoromycin, abnormal taste (clarithromycin), elevated LFT’s (azithromycin) should be used w/ caution w/ patients w/ hepatic impairment
Clarithromycin & Azithromycin Uses Alternative antibiotics (when amoxi or clindamycin cannot be used) in the trtmt of orofacial infections caused by aerobic gram + cocci and susceptible anaerobes
Clarithromycin & Azithromycin drug interactions Astmizole, loratadine, carbamazepine, digoxin and trazolam, BUT DOESN’T AFFECT WARFARIN OR THEOPHYLLINE
Created by: jfgwinn
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