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RS 101 Med Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Excision | process of cutting out, surgical removal |
| Gastris | dealing with stomach and intestines |
| Abduct | lead away from middle |
| Adduct | lead toward the middle |
| Ambulatory | being able to walk, not confined to bed |
| Autonomy chronic diagnosis | being self-governed, to function independently |
| Epidemic | among the people, widespread occurrence of an infectious disease by pathological organisms |
| Etiology | study of the cause of disease |
| Febrile | pertaining to a fever above 98.6 |
| Malaise | general feeling of uneasiness or discomfort; felt by a patient with a chronic disease |
| Malignant | “formation of a bad kind”; growing worse, harmful, cancerous |
| Necrosis | abnormal condition of tissue death |
| Prognosis | “state of forknowledge”, prediction of course of disease and the recovery rate |
| Bronchiectasis | chronic dilation of bronchus with a secondary infection in lower portion of lungs |
| Infection | pathogenic microorganism invades the body, reproduces, multiples, causes disease |
| Bursitis | inflammation of bursa (padlike sac between ,muscles, tendons, and bones) |
| Osteomalacia | softening of the bones |
| Carcinoma | malignant tumor arising in epithelial tissue |
| Hyperplasia | excessive formation and growth of normal cells |
| Hemoptysis | spitting up blood |
| Hypertrophy | excessive nourishment |
| Biopsy | surgical removal or a small piece of tissue for microscopic examination |
| Asymmetrical | unequal in size or shape |
| Palpate | use the hands or fingers to examine by touch; to feel |
| Cephalad | pertaining to the head |
| Pericardial | pertaining to pericardium (fibrous sac surrounding the heart) |
| Epigastric | pertaining to region above the stomach |
| Bifurcate | having two forks or two branches or two divisions |
| Hypoplasia | underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or body |
| Latent | lying hidden; quiet, not active; ex: tuberculosis |
| Polydactyly | having more than the normal number of fingers or toes |
| Dyspnea | difficult or painful monthly flow |
| Midsagittal | vertically divides the body as it passes through the midline to form left and right sides |
| Transverse | divides body into superior and inferior positions |
| Coronal | divides body into anterior and posterior portions |
| Caudal | pertaining to tail; inferior in position |
| Superior | above, in an upward direction, toward the head |
| Inferior | below or in a downward direction; more toward feet or tail |
| Anterior (ventral) | front side of body |
| Posterior (dorsal) | back side of body |
| Cephalic | pertaining to head; superior in position |
| Proximal | nearest the point of attachment or near the beginning of a structure |
| Medial | nearest to midline or middle |
| Lateral | to the side, away from middle |
| Distal | away from the point of attachment or far from the beginning of a structure |
| Autograft | graft taken from one part of the patient’s body and transferred to another part of that same patient |
| Avulsion | - forcibly tearing off a part or structure of the body, such as a finger or toe |
| Erythema | redness of skin; caused by capillary congestion, inflammation, heat, sunlight, or cold temperature |
| Jaundice | excessive bile in the blood; the skin, whites of eyes, and mucous membranes are yellow |
| Circumduction | moving a body part in circular motion |
| Flexion | bending a limb |
| Extension | straightening a flexed limb |
| Dorsiflexion | bending a body part backwards |
| Pronation | lying prone (facedown), turning palm downward |
| Supination | lying supine (face upward) turning palm or foot upward |
| Eversion | turning outward |
| Inversion | turning inward |
| Dislocation | displacement of a bone from a joint |
| hallux | big toe |
| Laminectomy | surgical excision of a vertebral posterior arch |
| Osteoarthritis | inflammation of bone and joint; affects 55 year olds and more likely women |
| Arthrography | examination of a joint (usually in knee) in which air and then a radiopaque medium are injected into the joint space; internal injuries of meniscus, cartilage, and ligaments present by x-ray |
| Abductor | muscle that on contraction draws away from the middle |
| Adductor | muscle that draws a part toward the middle |
| Atrophy | “lack of nourishment”, wasting of muscular tissue that may be caused by lack of use of lack or nerve stimulation of the muscle |
| Fatigue | state of tiredness occurring in a muscle as a result of repeated contractions |
| Anatomic | body erect, head facing forward, arms by the sides with palms to the front; standard anatomical position of reference |
| Dorsal Recumbent | on back with lower extremities flexed and rated outward; used in application of obstetric forceps, vaginal and rectal examination, and bimanual palpation |
| Fowler's | head of the bed or examining table is raised about 18 inches or 46 cm; patient sitting up with knees also elevated |
| Prone | lying face downward; used in examination of the back, injections and massage |
| Sims | lying on left side, right knee and thigh flexed well up above left leg that is slightly flexed, left arm behind the body, and right arm forward, flexed at elbow; used in rectum examination and intrauterine irrigation after labor |
| Supine | lying flat on back with face upward and arms at the sides; used in examining head, neck, chest, abdomen, extremities in assessing vital signs |
| Trendelenburg | body supine on bed that is titled at 45 degrees with head lower than feet; used to displace abdominal organs during surgery and in treating cardiovascular shock, also called shock position |
| Absorption | nutrient material is transferred from gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream or lymph |
| Appendectomy | surgical excision of the appendix |
| Appendicitis | inflammation of the appendix |
| Cholecystectomy | surgical excision of the gallbladder. Removed through small incision near the navel |
| Dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing |
| Gastroenterology | surgical excision of a part of or the whole stomach |
| Hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
| Pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| Splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen |
| Colonoscopy | examination of colon via colonoscope; used to diagnose growths to confirm findings of other testes and to rule out/ in colon cancer. Used to removed small polyps to collect tissue samples; patient is slightly sedated |
| Aneurysm | abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery sue to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel |
| Atherosclerosis | pathological condition of there arteries characterized by the buildup of fatty substances and hardening of the walls |
| AED | Automated External Defibrillator |
| Embolism | pathological condition caused by obstruction of a blood vessel by foreign substances or a blood clot |
| CHF | congestive heart failure |
| Myocardial infarction | when a focal area of heart muscle dies or is permanently damaged because of an inadequate supply of oxygen to that area, AKA heart attack |
| Anaphylaxis | unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to foreign proteins or other substances |
| Embolus | blood clot carried in the bloodstream |
| Extravasation | process by which fluids and medications escape from the blood vessel into surrounding tissue |
| Hematoma | collection of blood that has escaped from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissue; results from trauma |
| Cystitis | inflammation of the bladder |
| Excretory | excretory |
| Hematuria | presence of red blood cells in the urine |
| Adenosis | any disease condition of a gland |
| Exocrine | pertains to a type of gland that secretes into ducts |
| Analgesia | condition in which there is a lack of the sensation of pain |
| Aphagia | loss or lack of ability to eat or swallow |
| Encephalitis | inflammation of the brain |
| Meningitis | tumor of the meninges that originates in the arachnoidal tissue |
| Amblyopia | dullness of vision; AKA lazy eye |
| Diplopia | double vision |
| Photophobia | unusual intolerance to light |
| Scleritis | inflammation of sclera |
| Dysmenorrhea | difficult or painful monthly flow |
| Oogenesis | formation of the ovum |
| Papillomavirus | a form of treatment to relieve or alleviate symptoms without curing |
| Chondrosarcoma | cancerous tumor derived from cartilage cells |
| Leukemia | cancer of the blood characterized by overproduction of leukocytes; cancer of the blood-froming tissues |
| Lymphoma | cancerous tumor of lymphoid tissue |
| Sarcoma | cancerous tumor arising in connective tissue |
| Myeloma | tumor arising in the hemopoietic portion of the bone marrow |
| Teletherapy | radiation therapy in which the radioactive substance is at a distance from the body area being treated |
| Radiolucent | pertaining to property of permitting the passage of radiant energy |
| Radiopaque | pertaining to property of obstructing the passage of radiant energy |
| AP | anterior to posterior |
| PA | posterior to anterior |
| Supine | laying on back |
| Prone | laying on stomach |
| PET | Positron Emission Tomography |
| Barium Sulfate | used as a contrast medium in x-ray examination of the digestive tract |
| Cholangiogram | x-ray record of the bile ducts made visible through the use of a radiopaque contrast medium |
| Anthrography | examination of a joint after injection of radiopaque contrast medium |
| Myelogram | x-ray record of the spinal cord made visible with a radiopaque contrast medium |
| Tomography | process of cutting across and producing images of single tissue planes that help place into focus a very particular object within a larger field |
Created by:
mgalla33
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