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Minerals and Rocks
Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a mineral | |
| What are special tests you can do to identify a mineral? | |
| What are the 5 characteristics that define a mineral? | 1. Naturally occurring 2 Inorganic 3. Solids 4. Have a definite chemical composition 5. Crystal structure |
| What are Qualitative Tests? | |
| What are Quantitative Tests? | |
| Which of the mineral tests are Qualitative? | Color Luster Streak |
| Which of the mineral tests are Quantitative? | Hardness Density (mass/volume) |
| Identify a mineral's properties using the mineral chart........ | |
| What is an igneous rock? How is it formed? | Forms from the cooling of magma or lava. |
| What are two forms of igneous rocks? How are they different from each other? | Intrusive, Extrusive Cools inside earth's crust Hardens on Earth's surface |
| What is sedimentary rock? How is it formed? | Forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together |
| What four processes make sedimentary rocks? Describe one | Compaction - Erosion - Cementation - Deposition Erosion: Process in which water or wind loosen and carry away rock fragments |
| What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? How are they different from each other? | Clastic - Squeezed Organic - Living (remains of plants/animals) Chemical - when minerals dissolved in a solution crystallize |
| What is a metamorphic rock? How is it formed? | Forms when an existing rock is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.. most forms deep underground. |
| What are the two different types of metamorphic rocks? | Foliated/Non Foliated |
| Why are metamorphic rocks considered "changing rocks"? | Because they are sedimentary and igneous rocks that have been changed by heat and pressure. |
| What two processes cause metamorphic rocks to change? | Heat/Pressure |
| Would gneiss be more likely to form at shallow depths or at great depths where mountains are being pushed up? Explain | Gneiss is a metamorphic rock that formed at great depth because pressures and temperatures need to be very high. |
| Why can't igneous and metamorphic rocks hold fossils? | t would be impossible for evidence of an organism to survive in an environment of temperatures necessary for magma creation. High temp and pressures would normally destroy fossil evidence that existed in sedimentary rock. |
| How is regional and contact metamorphism different? | Regional-creation of metamorphic rocks on top of rocks bottom gets pushed down - heat and pressure changes it. Contact - creation of metamorphic rock from closeness to magma - gets a lot of heat. |
| Igneous rock comes from volcanic activity. Where on earth's surface would we have an area rich in igneous rocks? | Near volcanoes? |
| If an igneous rock cools slowly the crystals will be..... | Course |
| If an igneous rock cools quickly the crystals will be.... | Fine |
| If the igneous rock cools extremely fast there will be.... | |
| What type of sedimentary rock comes from glaciers? | |
| What is the one obvious difference between conglomerate and breccias rock? | |
| Ohio has lots of limestone. What must have been in the water covering Ohio millions of years ago? | |
| Halite usually buried under ground and must be mined. If the halite started on the surface of the earth, how did it end up underground? |
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