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B.F Skinner

Theories of Personality: A Behavioral View

QuestionAnswer
The truth is that B. F. Skinner did not offer a personality theory at all.
The essential truth about B. F. Skinner's research is that his study of behavior is the antithesis of the psychoanalytic, trait, life span, cognitive and humanistic approaches.
Skinner's treatment of personality is unusual because he made no references to internal, subjective accounts for behavior.
Skinner described human beings as empty organisms.
Skinner argued that psychology is the science of behavior.
Skinner rejected ____ as a valid personality characteristic. all of the answers
Skinner believed that physiological processes are irrelevant for mental activities.
The research supporting Skinner's theory was conducted on rats and pigeons.
Skinner's research subjects were mainly animals.
Skinner's influence on psychology has wide practical applications.
Skinner's behavioral approach is used in schools, correctional institutions, and hospitals.
Skinner's childhood was characterized by parental warnings that influenced his adult behavior.
We get a glimpse of Skinner's later work in his childhood love of constructing mechanical devices.
Skinner was taught by his parents to “fear God, the police, and what people think.”
At age 22, Skinner experienced an identity crisis.
In his early adulthood, Skinner decided he would study human behavior by the methods of science rather than the methods of fiction.
In Skinner's fictional community of Walden Two, life is controlled by positive reinforcement.
Skinner believed that behavior can be controlled by its consequences.
When a specific stimulus elicits a response, it is called respondent behavior.
In his famous salivating dog experiment, Ivan Pavlov demonstrated that reinforcement is necessary for learning.
Ivan Pavlov's classical conditioning involves all of the answers.
To condition a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell, Pavlov rang the bell shortly before the dog smelled meat powder.
Skinner's term for voluntary, explorative behavior is operant behavior.
According to Skinner, operant behavior all of the answers.
A rat pressing a lever in a Skinner box is showing ____ behavior. elicited
According to Skinner, parental disapproval of a child's behavior will probably lead to the cessation of that behavior.
Skinner believed that personality is a(n) pattern or collection of operant behaviors.
In Skinner’s research, food-deprived rats pressed a lever to receive a food pellet. The rat will eventually press the lever because he will understand that he will be reinforced for his behavior with a food pellet.
The _______ becomes the reinforcer for the rat to receive a reward for his behavior. food
When Skinner failed to reinforce rats in a Skinner box continuously, the rats eventually stopped pressing the lever.
In fixed-interval reinforcement, reinforcement is unrelated to the number of responses.
An employee paid on a weekly basis operates under a ____ schedule of reinforcement. fixed-interval
In a fixed-interval reinforcement schedule, if the interval between reinforcements is shortened the response rate will increase.
Compared to fixed-interval schedules, fixed-ratio schedules produce higher response rates.
Slot machines operate on a ____ schedule of reinforcement. variable-ratio
A good example of a variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement is casino gambling.
Shaping a behavior that is not likely to occur spontaneously is accomplished by successive approximation.
The secret to shaping behavior is reinforcing only successive approximations of the final behavior desired.
The successive approximation method is also called shaping.
Superstitious behavior is learned quickly when there are short intervals between reinforcements.
To Skinner, self-control means control of external variables that determine behavior.
Skinner suggests all of the following techniques of self-control except physical punishment administered by a friend.
When a token economy was instituted in a psychiatric hospital, there was a dramatic increase in appropriate patient behaviors.
In a token economy experiment, psychotic patients became less dependent and more responsible.
Behavior modified in a token economy usually reverts to its original state when tokens are no longer provided.
In behavior modification therapy, unconscious motivating forces are ignored.
In behavior modification, Skinner advocated using only positive reinforcement.
For changing behavior, Skinner believed punishment is less effective than extinction.
An example of negative reinforcement is spanking a child to make him stop using curse words.
According to Skinner, negative reinforcement is less effective than positive reinforcement.
According to Skinner, human behavior is controlled by reinforcers.
Skinner believed people function like machines.
Skinner believed people are not responsible for their actions, because all behavior is determined.
Which one of the following best describes Skinner's image of human nature? We are controlled by the environment, but we can control ourselves by changing the environment.
Skinner's assessment techniques include laboratory experiments.
The followers of Skinner assess behavior, (not personality) using all of the following techniques except free association, dream analysis, and projective techniques.
Each of the following is a factor in Skinner's functional analysis except the motivation behind the behavior.
Functional analysis all of these
In the application of Skinner’s behavior modification techniques, it is necessary to first assess specific behaviors.
Skinner's methodological approach to the study of behavior is to observe the subject, have the subject do self-reports, and do physiological measurements.
Skinner's assessment methods preferred the intensive study of a single subject at a time.
Skinner believed that valid and replicable results could be obtained without ____________ as long as sufficient data were collected from a single-subject under well-controlled circumstances. statistical analysis
All of the following are criticisms of Skinner's system except which? Operant conditioning cannot change behavior.
Created by: nycgirl1011
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