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AQA Psychology

Sex and Gender

TermDefinition
Sex identity a biological term. A child's sex can be identified by their hormones and chromosomes. This determines whether the child's sex identity is male or female
Gender identity a psychological term. A child's gender can be identified by their attitudes and behaviour. This determines whether the child's gender identity is masculine or feminine
Phallic stage Freud's third stage of psychosexual development, in which gender development takes place
Identification to adopt the attitudes and behaviour of the same sex parent
Oedipus complex the conflict experienced by a boy in the phallic stage because he unconsciously desires his mother and is afraid of his father
Electra complex the conflict experienced by a girl because she unconsciously desires her father and is afraid of losing her mother's love
Gender disturbance not developing the gender identity usually associated with one's sex
Modelling a role model provides an example for the child
Imitation copying the behaviour of a model
Vicarious reinforcement learning from the model's being either rewarded or punished
Media means of communication- television, radio, the internet and newspapers are all examples of different types of media
Gender stereotypes believing that all males are similar and all females are similar
Gender schema a mental building block of knowledge that contains information about each gender
Gender role behaviour seen as masculine or feminine by a particular culture
Highly gender schematised where gender is an important way of thinking about the world so information is organised according to what is gender appropriate and what is gender inappropriate
Created by: Kajal11
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