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400
International Energy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a fossil fuel? | Were formed by natural processes such as decomposition(rotting) of buried dead organisms,such as ferns and trees. Take millions of years. |
| Seismic | Explosions to measusre difference in the earth's crust(possible source of oil/gas) |
| Wild cat drilling | Exploratory drilling on a hunch |
| Development wells | Prove the reserves in a field to get finacing for production |
| Primary Production | The oil well's natural pressure because "lifting cost" is cheaper |
| Secondary production | Re-injecting associated gas or water to get greater production from an oil well |
| Natural Gas | Generally appears in the gaseous state with oil, but it may appear alone in gas fields |
| Tertiary Recovery (EOR) | Steam injection, chemical flooding, or fracturing walls between the domes in a wall (like a honeycomb) |
| Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC) | Established in 1960 to fight the "seven sisters" international oil companies (price, revenues, and control of the rate of depletion). Members of cartel agreed to fixed quotas.60% of oil traded internationally comes from OPEC countries. |
| Who are the major oil producers? | OPEC countries: Saudi Arabia, Iran, UAE, Nigeria, Libya. Non-OPEC countries: USA, Russsia, Mexico, China |
| Where are the crude oil reserves? | Main OPEC reserves: Saudi Arabia, Iraq, UAE, Kuwait, Iran, Venezuela. Non-OPEC reserves: Russia, Mexico, China, USA |
| Why Should Countries Consider Other Forms of Energy? | Access to energy, global warming due to greenhouse gases, fewer oil spills, cheaper forms of energy in the future, and renewable sources |
| Hydroelectic Power | Harnesses energy from moving or falling water, supplies 19% of world's energy. DOes not produce carbon dioxide |
| Thermal Power | Can harness energy from a change in temperature. Many types: solar, geo thermal power (from heat in the ground). Thermal (coal) is Australia'a major source of electricity. |
| Nuclear Power | Provides approximately 17% of world's energy. Uranium 238 most abundant. Induced fission neutron bumps into U235; it is absorbed then spontaneous splitting. Energy released in the form of heat and gamma radiation |
| Solar Power (fuel cells) | Photovoltaic cells made up of semiconductors, namely silicon, often assembled as solar panels. Essentially sun knocks electrons loose, then they are allowed to flow in a single direction to cause a current. |
| Wind Power | Air a FLUID. Usually collected by windmills. Generator turns rotational energy into electricity. Wind caused by the Sun. |
| Tidal Power | Works like a hydro-electric scheme but the dam is Much bigger. Happens very commonly in estuaries( place where river meets the ocean). |
| What is the major drawback of Tidal Power? | Can only produce energy when water flowing back and forth. |
| What is the drawback of Wind Power? | People complain about the sound, the vibrations, and the dead birds and bats that hit the windmill blades. |
| BioPower | Converting biomass (plants, algae, garbage, etc.) into energy. Biomass is degraded and by-product such as methane are burned to produce heat, which is being tested in air planes. |
| Nuclear Option | Nuclear has 1/20th of the greenhouse gases of gas-fired plants. Nuclear power is cost competitive with other forms of electricity generation over the long-term, except where there is direct access to low-cost fossil fuels. |
Created by:
rafi.sultani
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