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Personality.Ceh
Concepts to review in the Personality Chapter
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Id | instincts and urges present at birth (found in your unconscious) |
| Ego | this has conscious control of your personality according to Freud |
| Superego | this is our conscience; it is the 'angel on your shoulder' |
| Conscious | everything we are aware of at a given moment is found here |
| Preconscious | material that can readily be brought to awareness is located here |
| Oral Stage | weaning is the main task at this Freudian stage |
| Anal Stage | being fixated at this Freudian stage may result in you being overly stingy |
| Genital Stage | you focus on forming adult relationships at this Freudian stage |
| Latent Stage | conflicts from earlier stages remain hidden in this Freudian stage |
| Phallic Stage | identifying with adult role models is the main task in this Freudian stage |
| Denial | a defense mechanism when you block events from awareness |
| Repression | a defense mechanism when you don't remember a threatening situation; motivated forgetting |
| Regression | a defense mechanism when you move back in psychological time to a place you feel safe |
| Projection | a defense mechanism where you don't see desires as your own; you see them as others' |
| Displacement | a defense mechanism when you redirect an impulse on to a substitute target |
| Lack of Love | Karen Horney believed that anxiety comes from this |
| Inferiority | Alfred Adler believed that we all struggle with feelings of this |
| Trust vs. Mistrust | Erik Erikson's basic conflict at the infant stage |
| Identity vs. Role Confusion | Erik Erikson's basic conflict in adolescence |
| Personal Unconscious | Jung's term for anything that is not presently conscious but can be |
| Collective Unconscious | Jung's term for our psychic inheritance |
| Archetypes | the unlearned tendency to experience things in a certain way |
| Sychronicity | Jung's term for meaningful coincidences; these are beyond chance |
| Ideal Self | according to Rogers, the self each person would like to be |
| Humanism | this school of thought emphasizes the positive potential of a person |
| Fully Functioning Individuals | Rogers believes that we are all striving to become this |
| Incongruity | the gap between your ideal self and your real self is called this |
| Actualizing Tendency | the built in motivation we all have to develop our potential to the fullest extent possible |
| Gordon Allport | this psychologist divided traits into three categories; cardinal, central and secondary |
| Hans Eysenck | this psychologist believed people can be categorized it to two basic traits; extraversion and emotional stability |
| Raymond Cattell | this psychologist believed that everyone has source traits which results in behaviors that we see |
| Cardinal Trait | very few people develop this kind of trait |
| Central Traits | these traits are the building blocks of your personality; are highly characteristic of you |
| Secondary Traits | these traits are the weakest and least characteristic of you |
| Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism | these are the Big Five Personality Traits |
| Generativity vs. Stagnation | at this stage of Erikson's theory, adults either give back to their world or remain stagnate |
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Mrs.Ceh
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