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resp 2.4
Oral and Nasal Airways and ET tubes review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Most common cause of upper airway destruction | tongue |
| What are the ones called for the oropharyngeal airways | I-beam and Guedel |
| How to check placement for oropharyngeal | corner of mouth to ear |
| What do you use on a unconscious patient | oropharyngeal |
| What will happen if it is to small | It will push the tongue against glottis and cause obstruction |
| Advantages of nasopharygeal airway | easier to tolerate, use on conscious patient, better for oral hygiene |
| Which one do use on emergency patients | oropharyngeal (faster) |
| Indications for intubation | relieve airway obstruction, prevent aspiration, mech venilate, help with removal of secretions |
| What are the complications of endotracheal | bronchospasm, soft tissue damage, vagus stimulation which causes bradycardia, TE fistula, bronchial or esophagus intubation, hypertension, vocal cord destuction |
| What is the murphy eye | it assures gas flow in cause of infusion |
| How to verify tube placement? | listen to stomach first then left lung then right lung. Look at markings on tube |
| What are the common markings for male | 21-23 cm |
| What are the common markings for female | 19-21 |
| What is the purpose of the cuff | prevent leaks, provide closed system |
| What is the common pressure for the cuff | 20-25 ml or 25-30 cmH20 (low pressure, high volume) |
| Purpose of the pilot | inflate/deflate cuff, check pressure |
| What is different for the neonate | they don't have cuff, because the smallest part in the body is the cricoid which provides seal so no cuff) |
| Where is the landmark for ET tube on a x ray | 2-4 vertebrae |
| What equipment do you need for intubation | laryngoscope, blade, suction bag, ET tube, baling wire, 10 ml syringe, bagill forceps, CO2 detector |
| Advantages of nasal airway | oral hygiene, less gagging |
| bradycardia is caused by | vagus stimulation |
| What is the medication (short acting paralytic) | sux; succulycholine |
| MLT | inject air into cuff until no leak is heard then withdraw the air until a small leak is heard on inspiration |
| Miller blade | straight, directly lifts epiglottis |
| Macintosh blade | curved, indirectly lifts epiglottis |