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Pathology Ch 8
Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acute inflammation of the pia mater and arachnoid layers: | Meningitis |
| A viral infection of the brain and meninges caused by the herpes simplex virus: | Encephalitis |
| This is usually the result of chronic infections of the sinuses, middle ear, mastoids or system infections like pneumonia: | Brain Abscess |
| What is the most common cause of a subdural empyema? | Spread of infection from frontal or ethmoid sinuses |
| What is the most common primary malignant brain tumor? | Glioma |
| What is the most common type of glioma? | Astrocytoma |
| These are benign tumors that arise from the arachnoid lining cells and are attached to the dura: | Meningiomas |
| A slow-growing benign tumor that occurs on the eighth cranial nerve: | Acoustic Neuroma |
| This tumor can compress the brain stem and cerebellum: | Acoustic Neuroma |
| These cause enlargement of the sella turcica and erosion of the dorsum sellae: | Pituitary Adenomas |
| The most common primary malignancies that metastasize to the brain are _________ and ______________. | Breast and lung |
| What causes epidural hematomas? | Arterial bleeding in the cranium |
| What causes subdural hematomas? | Venous bleeding int he cranium |
| What are the most common facial bone fractures? | Nasal bone fractures |
| What kind of fracture occurs when the zygoma is separated from the other facial bones? | Tripod Fracture |
| What projection is useful in demonstrating fractures of the zygomatic arches? | Submentalvertical Projection (SMV) |
| A direct blow to the orbit can cause a ____________ fracture. | Blow-out fracture |
| Bilateral and horizontal fractures of the maxillae are called what? | LeFort Fractures |
| What is the technical definition of a stroke? | Sudden and dramatic development of a focal neurologic deficit |
| What is the most common cause of a stroke? | Thrombosis |
| What is the 2nd most common cause of a stroke? | Brain Hemorrhage |
| Paralysis on one side of the body could be a symptom of a _____________ and called _______________. | Stroke; Hemiplegia |
| What are 2 additional names for a stroke? | CerebroVascular accident; Acute Brain infarction |
| What are focal neurologic defects that completely resolve within 24 hours? | Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIA's) |
| What is a major cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage? | Rupture of a berry aneurysm |
| What is the most common cause of nontraumatic intraparenchymal hemorrhage in patients under the age of 20? | Arteriovenous Malformations (AVM) |
| A condition in the which the brain impulses are disturbed and causes symptoms ranging from loss of consciousness to violent seizures: | Epilepsy |
| This is a degenerative neurologic disease that causes widespread selective atrophy and loss of motor nerves that eventually leads to paralysis and death: | Amyotrophic lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's Disease) |
Created by:
foster1317
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