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Positioning
Review Radiographic Procedures/positions
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1.The CR is directed to what MCP joint for a PA hand? | the 3rd Metacarpal Pharangeal Joint, pg 102 |
2.Sometimes for bone age studies a 30 degree angle to include the wrist is applied for the PA hand? | true, pg 102 |
1.The CR is directed to what MCP joint for a PA hand? | the 3rd Metacarpal Pharangeal Joint, pg 102 |
3.For lateral hand for foreign body what kvp is used? | 10 kvp for foreign body lat hand |
2.Sometimes for bone age studies a 30 degree angle to include the wrist is applied for the PA hand? | true, pg 102 |
4.For thumb xrays it must include 3 joints? | CMC, MCP, and IPJ, pg 103 |
3.For lateral hand for foreign body what kvp is used? | 10 kvp for foreign body lat hand |
4.For thumb xrays it must include 3 joints? | CMC, MCP, and IPJ, pg 103 |
5.What is IPJ? | the inter phalangeal joint, pg95 |
6.For the PA wrist why is it important to flex the hand? | Flexion of MCP joints (hand) reduces OID of the wrist. pg 103 |
7.For an xray of the scaphoid bone how much of an angle is applied? | A 20 degree angle toward elbow entering scaphoid or perpendicular ray to scaphoid. Show scaphoid without superimposition or foreshortening. |
7.For an xray of the scaphoid bone how much of an angle is applied? | A 20 degree angle toward elbow entering scaphoid or perpendicular ray to scaphoid. Show scaphoid without superimposition or foreshortening. |
8.For carpal canal visualization (Gaynor-Hart Method) how much angle is applied? | Hyperextend wrist w/ palm vertical if applicable and add a 25-30* angle into the long axis of the hand to see canal. pg 103 |
9. What is the Coyle method? | Elbow flexed 80 degrees, hand pronated and angle CR 45 degrees from shoulder to elbow to visualize coronoid process. pg 105 |
10. What is done to visualize the radial head for an elbow? | Elbow flexed 90 degrees, hand pronated, from elbow to shoulder angle CR 45 degrees. pg 105 |
11.A true AP humerus will show the what in profile? | The AP humerus should show the greater tubercle in profile. pg 106 |
9. What is the Coyle method? | Elbow flexed 80 degrees, hand pronated and angle CR 45 degrees from shoulder to elbow to visualize coronoid process. pg 105 |
10. What is done to visualize the radial head for an elbow? | Elbow flexed 90 degrees, hand pronated, from elbow to shoulder angle CR 45 degrees. pg 105 |
11.A true AP humerus will show the what in profile? | The AP humerus should show the greater tubercle in profile. pg 106 |
12.About how much should you roll a patient up for a true scapular Y view? | Mid coronal plane about 60 degrees from IR. pg 106 |
14. Midscapula is about how many inches inferior to top of shoulder? | 2" inferior to coracoid process is mid scapula. pg 108 |
13. PA axial clavicles are positioned how? | Patient PA or AP, clavicles centered to IR. 15-30 degree caudad for PA; 15-30 degree cephalad for AP. pg 108 |
14. Midscapula is about how many inches inferior to top of shoulder? | 2" inferior to coracoid process is mid scapula. pg 108 |
15. How is a AP foot positioned? | dorsoplantar, knee flexed 45 degrees, plantar surface to IR. CR is perpendicular to 10 degrees angled to the heel or the base of the 3rd metatarsal. pg 119 |
16. Medial oblique foot is rotated how much? | about 30 degrees medially. pg 119 |
17. The CR angle is the same for a toe xray as it is for a foot? | True. Both are angled from perpendicular to 10 degrees as long as the CR is perpendicular to the long axis of part. pg 119 |
18. Xray of sesmoid bones are done how? | Tangential, patient prone, foot dorsiflexed 15-20 degrees and CR perpendicular to 10 degrees caudal to IR and entering at 1st MTP joint. pg 119 |
19. A calcaneus is positioned how? | CR 40 degrees cephalad to base of 3rd metatarsal. pg 121 |
20. If calcaneus is done AP or dorsiplantar, the degree of angle is the same as Plantardorsal axial? | False, both projections are angled 40 degrees, but the dorsiplantar is projected caudally to the level of the base of the second metatarsal. pg 121 |
20. If calcaneus is done AP or dorsiplantar, the degree of angle is the same as Plantardorsal axial? | False, both projections are angled 40 degrees, but the dorsiplantar is projected caudally to the level of the base of the second metatarsal. pg 121 |
21. To show proximal and distal tibiofibular articulations how much rotation is needed for a tib/fib? | Leg extended w/ foot dorsiflexed; leg rotated 45 degrees medially or laterally. pg 123 |
21. To show proximal and distal tibiofibular articulations how much rotation is needed for a tib/fib? | Leg extended w/ foot dorsiflexed; leg rotated 45 degrees medially or laterally. pg 123 |
22. Describe a lateral knee. | Patient on affected side, patella perp. to table, knee flexed 2-30 degrees. CR directed 5 degree cephalad to knee. pg 124 |
23. | for thin body=3-5 degree caudal angle. for average body= 0degree CR. For thick body=3-5 degree cephald CR. pg 124 |
24 | Intercondylar fossa visualized. Patient PA recumbent knee flexed so tibia forms a 40 degree angle and foot rested on support. CR 40 degree caudal perp to long axis of tibia. pg 124 |
25 | Patient AP with knee flexed 20-3- degrees resting support on IR. CR cephalad angle perp to long axis of tibia. pg 124 |
26. What is the Holmblad PA method? | The patient is kneeling the effected knee is centered and the CR forms a 20 degree angle w/ femur. pg 124 |
27. what is the Settagast or "sunrise" method? | Patient prone or seated on table, knee flexed at least 90 degrees, CR to mid femoropatellar joint. pg 125 |
28. What is the Merchant method? | Demonstrated the patella and femoropatella joint and requires special equipment. Relax quad muscles, knee flexed 45 degrees, CR 30 degrees caudal, and 6 foot SID to reduce magnification. pg 125 |
29 | Patient supine, unaffected leg elevated; leg rotated internally 15 degrees if applicable; grid to thigh to femoral neck. pg 126 |
30. What is the Judet method? | Patient semisupine recumbent, 45 degree angle post oblique. If affected side down CR perp2" medial and distal to down side ASIS. pg 126 |